Acquire Knowledge

“SWEETEST DISASTER EVER”

2011-12-14T22:37:00.000-08:00

The Boston Molasses Disaster, also known as the Great Molasses Flood and the Great Boston Molasses Tragedy, occurred on January 15, 1919, in the North End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts in the United States. A large molasses storage tank burst, and a wave of molasses rushed through the streets at an estimated 35 mph (56 km/h), killing 21 and injuring 150. The event has entered local folklore, and residents claim that on hot summer days, the area still smells of molasses

What is molasses?

Molasses is a viscous by-product of the processing of sugar cane, grapes or sugar beets into sugar. The quality of molasses depends on the maturity of the sugar cane or sugar beet, the amount of sugar extracted, and the method of extraction. Sweet sorghum syrup is known in some parts of the United States as molasses, though it is not true molasses.

The disaster occurred at the Purity Distilling Company facility on January 15, 1919, an unusually warm day for January (40˚ F, 4.4˚ C). The stored molasses was awaiting transfer to the Purity plant situated between Willow Street and what is now named Evereteze Way, in Cambridge.

Near Keany Square, at 529 Commercial Street, a huge molasses tank 50 ft (15 m) tall, 90 ft (27 m) in diameter and containing as much as 2,300,000 US gal (8,700 m³) collapsed. Witnesses stated that as it collapsed, there was a loud rumbling sound, like a machine gun as the rivets shot out of the tank, and that the ground shook as if a train were passing by.

The collapse unleashed an immense wave of molasses between 8 and 15 ft (2.5 and 4.5 m) high, moving at 35 mph (56 km/h), and exerting a pressure of 2 ton/ft² (200 kPa). The molasses wave was of sufficient force to break the girders of the adjacent Boston Elevated Railway's Atlantic Avenue structure and lift a train off the tracks. Nearby, buildings were swept off their foundations and crushed. Several blocks were flooded to a depth of 2 to 3 feet (60 to 90 cm). As described by author Stephen Puleo:

Molasses, waist deep, covered the street and swirled and bubbled about the wreckage. Here and there struggled a form — whether it was animal or human being was impossible to tell. Only an upheaval, a thrashing about in the sticky mass, showed where any life was... Horses died like so many flies on sticky fly-paper. The more they struggled, the deeper in the mess they were ensnared. Human beings — men and women — suffered likewise

Reference

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mastering Madina Arabic Books

2011-10-11T20:55:00.000-07:00

Switch to - [Articles ] - [ Audio] - [ Madina Arabic ]

Use the below resources for studying and mastering the Books 1,2 and 3 of "Lessons in Arabic language"
[as taught at the Islaamic University of Madeenah]
written by Shaykh Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem

The ARABIC COURSE for English-Speaking students is a comprehensive and popular course for the teaching of the Qura'anic and Traditional Arabic, originally devised and taught at the renowned Madinah Islamic University catering for the non-Arabic speaking students from all over the world. Over the years, this course has enabled students to become competent in their use of the Arabic language and to participate and benefit from scholarly pursuits such as Qur'anic exegesis, hadith, fiqh, serah, history, and classical and modern Arabic literature.

* It is concise (consisting of only three books, reasonably short) but extensive in their coverage.
* It combines modern Arabic vocabulary with Islamic terminology used in the Qur'an and Sunnah.
* It helps acquire an understanding of hundreds of Qur'anic verses, ahadith, Arabic parables and poetry.

Madina Arabic : Book 1:

Lessons in Arabic Language - Book 1; [as taught at the Islaamic University of Madeenah]
- 127 pages, Adobe Acrobat 5 document (size = 8.29mb) (from fatwa-online.com)
-Author : Shaykh Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem
Arabic Grammar Rules for Madeenah Book One [Ms Word Doc] - from fatwa-online.com
Translated Notes for Madeenah Book One [Ms Word Doc] - from fatwa-online.com
Madina Book 1 - Arabic Solutions - book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem - [PDF - 78 pages - 7.3 MB ]
Madina Book 1 - English Key - book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem - [PDF - 61 pages - 7.5 MB ]
Madina Book 1 - Urdu Key - Book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem -[PDF - 61 pages - 2.5 M )]
DVDs - Madinah Arabic Language Course - Book 1: Total 9 DVDs - from LQToronto.com
Part 01 | Part 02 | Part 03a | Part 03b | Part 04 | Part 05a | Part 05b | Part 06a
Part 06b | Part 07a | Part 07b | Part 08a | Part 08b | Part 09a | Part 09b
You can purchase these from LQToronto.com Non-Profit Store
MadinaBook 1 Handouts - Zip - for the above DVDs - from LQToronto.com

Download the above DVDs : 01 - 02 - 03 - 04 - 05 - 06 - 07 - 08 - 09
Its in RAR Format, so you will need a program like WinRAR or 7Zip to extract the files. You will need to download all the parts for DVD 01 and then select Part 01 and click Extract here and you will have the files. This process applies to all of the DVD's.

Mp3 Audio - Madina Arabic - Book 1 - Audio in Arabic - These are read by. Dr. V. Abdur Rahim and are only in Arabic . No translation no grammar explanation. The aim is to teach the proper pronounciation.
Chapter 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |

Mp3 Audio - In English - for Shaykh Dr. V. Abdur-Raheem's Madina Arabic - Book 1, and recorded by Shaykh G M El Shukri (May Allah bless them both!).
Tape wise Audio - 6 Tapes : Tape 01 | 01b | 02 | 02b | 03 | 03b | 04 | 04b | 05 | 05b | 06 |
Chapter-wise audio: Madina-Arabic-Shukri.html - High Quality mp3

Other mp3 audio for book 1 - This site covers the Madina Arabic books 1 & 2. Lesson by lesson and page for page

Madina Arabic : Book 2:

Lessons in Arabic Language - Book 2; [as taught at the Islaamic University of Madeenah]
- 223 pages, Adobe Acrobat 5 document (size = 14.32mb) (from fatwa-online.com)
-Author : Shaykh Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem
Madina Book 2 - Arabic Solutions - Book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem -[ PDF -68 pages - 5.7 MB ]
Madina Book 2 - English Key - Book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem - [ PDF - 110 pages - 13.3 MB ]
Madina Book 2 - Urdu Key - Book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem - [ PDF - 133 pages - 6.2 MB ]
Translated Notes for Madeenah Book Two [Ms Word Doc] - from fatwa-online.com
Umm Zakkee's personal study notes to Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem's ((Lessons in Arabic Language)) - Book 2; [as taught at the Islaamic University of Madeenah]
- 276 pages, Adobe Acrobat document (size = 37.7mb) (from fatwa-online.com)
DVDs - Madinah Arabic Language Course - Book 2: Total 16 DVDs - from LQToronto.com
Part 01a | Part 01b | Part 02a | Part 02b | Part 03a | Part 03b | Part 04a | Part 04b
Part 05a | Part 05b | Part 06a | Part 06b | Part 07a | Part 07b | Part 08a | Part 08b
Part 09a | Part 09b | Part 10a | Part 10b | Part 11a | Part 11b | Part 12a | Part 12b
Part 13a | Part 13b | Part 14a | Part 14b | Part 15a | Part 15b | Part 16a | Part 16b
Madina Book 2 & 3 Handouts - Zip - from LQToronto.com
You can purchase these DVDs from LQToronto.com Non-Profit Store

Mp3 Audio - In English - for Shaykh Dr. V. Abdur-Raheem's Madina Arabic - Book 2 , and recorded by Shaykh G M El Shukri (May Allah bless them both!).

Tapes wise Audio - 01a | 01b | 02a | 02b | 03a | 03b | 04a | 04b 05a | 05b | 06a | 06b | 07a | 07b | 08a | 08b | 09a | 09b | 10a | 10b | 11a | 11b | 12a | 12b | 13a | 13b | 14a | 14b | 15a | 15b | 16a | 16b |
Chapter-wise audio: Madina-Arabic-Shukri.html - High Quality mp3
[Link] Chapter wise Audio - Audio for Madina Arabic Book 2

Other mp3 audio for book 2 - This site covers the Madina Arabic books 1 & 2. Lesson by lesson and page for page

Madina Arabic : Book 3:

Lessons in Arabic Language - Book 3; [as taught at the Islaamic University of Madeenah]
- 151 pages, Adobe Acrobat 5 document (size = 13.25mb) (from fatwa-online.com)
- Author : Shaykh Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem
Madina Book 3 - Arabic Solutions - Book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem - [ PDF - 140 pages - 14.5 MB ]
Madina Book 3 - English Key - Book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem -[ PDF - 172 pages - 34.6 MB]
Madina Book 3 - Urdu Key - Book by Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem - [ PDF - 179 pages - 11.5 MB ]
Abu 'Abdullah's Personal study notes to Dr. V. 'Abdur-Raheem's (Lessons in Arabic Language)- Book 3; [as taught at the Islaamic University of Madeenah]"
- 35 pages, Microsoft Word 2002 document (size = 597kb) (from fatwa-online.com)
- by Abu 'Abdullaah -- (important notes covering the topic of i'raab)
You can purchase DVDs for this book from LQToronto.com Non-Profit Store
Madina Book 2 & 3 Handouts - Zip - for above DVDs - from LQToronto.com

Mp3 Audio - In English - for Shaykh Dr. V. Abdur-Raheem's Madina Arabic - Book 3 , and recorded by Shaykh G M El Shukri (May Allah bless them both!).
Tapes (imcomplete) - 1 | 1b | 2 | 2b | 3 | 3b | 4 | 4b | 5 | 5b |
Chapter-wise audio: Madina-Arabic-Shukri.html - High Quality mp3 ( incomplete -only 11 Lessons)

Madina Side Books:

These books are not the three medina books that everyone knows about; rather they are the books that are used alongside the medina books that are used in the Medina University, these books a wide variety of topics like phrase usage of verbs and terms, Fiqh, Dictation, Hadith, Reading in which the 3 Medina Books by themselves do not cover. [source]

Madina side book : Reading level 1 [pdf]
Madina side book : Expression level 1[pdf]
Madina side book expression level 2 [pdf]
[Blog] Download all Side Books for Madina Arabic Course for Book 1,2 & 3

Others :

Madinah Arabic Language Course from http://www.madinaharabic.com
Based on one of the most popular courses being used today - the Madinah Book Series which are used by Madinah University to teach English speaking students the Arabic language. The course tutorials are being compiled by Shaykh Sulayman Gani and checked by Dr V Abdur Rahim (the author of the Madinah Book Course)
Amazing DVDs of Learning Madinah Arabic language Course - Must Watch !! - Total 48 DVDs
From Institute of the Language of the Quran in Toronto. LQToronto.com - Free . No Copy Rights
Madina Books - Glossary - book by Dr. Abdur Rahim - from LQToronto.com - 256 Pages - [PDF]
A Glossary of words used in Durus al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah li ghair al-natiqina biha - by Dr. V.Abdur Rahim
Madina Books - Blank Verb Conjugation Sheet [PDF - 1 Page]
[Link] Resources on esnips - audio for Madina Books

Links:

Dr. V. Abdur Rahim's New Web-Site - www.drvaniya.com
Dr. V. AbdurRaheem -Books-Courses-and-Curriculum-and-Where-to-Obtain-Them
http://www.ift-chennai.org/arabic_books.htm - You can Purchase 48 DVDs here at very cheap price

Koran by Heart

2011-08-31T18:32:00.001-07:00

Koran By Heart follows two boys from Senegal and Tajikistan, and a little girl from Maldives

Koran by Heart from MuslimCommunityTV on Vimeo.

How to reset your forgotten linux (ubuntu) password

2011-08-26T18:02:00.000-07:00

Well, this is what you have to do if you are unable to use GRUB (GNU GRand Unified Bootloader).

Last day my cousin came with her laptop (Lucid Lynx installed) saying she forgot her password. Alhamdhulillah and thanks whoever posted this for coming to rescue me. Even though it was detailed on "makeuseof" I though to share my experience.

Boot from a live CD and hit "Try Ubuntu"
When system is ready open terminal and check the partition in which linux is installed (mine it was /dev/sda1). You may use the command sudo fdisk -l
Make a mount point for the partition (I have created a directory called linux_part [sudo mkdir /media/linx_part])
Mount linux partition on the directory created ‘sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/linx_part‘
Change the root to mount directory (sudo chroot /media/sda1)
Type passwd username and enter new password to change the password.
That's it, now reboot your computer.

Are you depressed?

2011-08-22T14:14:00.000-07:00

One of the best remedy is listening Holy Quran.

Also see this

ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމްގެ އޮޅުލުން ހިއްޕެވުން

2011-07-29T04:49:00.000-07:00

ބާބު 1: އެކަލޭގެފާނު ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމްގެ ގުޅަމަތިހިއްޕެވުން

އެކަލޭގެފާނު ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމްގެ ގުޅަމަތިހިއްޕެވުމާ ބެހޭގޮތުން ސުނަނު އަބީދާވޫދުގައި މުޙައްމްދުގެ ދަރި ޢަލީގެ ދަރި ރުޚާނާގެކިބައިން ރިވާކުރައްވާފައި ބަސްފުޅަކުން ދޭހަވެއެވެ.

"ހަމަކަށާވަރުން ރުޚާނާ ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމްއާއި ގުޅަމަތިހިއްޕެވިއެވެ. އަދި ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމް އޭނާ ބަލިކުރެއްވިއެވެ."

މި ހަދީޘްގެ ފަަހަތުގައި ވާހަކައެއް ވެއެވެ. މިތާގައި އަޅަގަނޑު އެވާހަކަ ބަޔާންކޮށްދޭނަމެވެ. އަހަރެމެންގެ ޝެއިޚް އަބުލް ޙައްޖާޖް އަލް ޙާފިޟް އެކަލޭގެފާނުގެ ފޮތް "ތަހްދީބުލް ކާމިލް" ގައި ބަޔާންކުރައްވާފައި ވެއެވެ.

"ޔަޒީދު އަލް ޤުރައިޝީގެ ދަރި ރުޚާނާއަކީ މައްކާ ފަތަޙަ ކުރެއްވުމުން އިސްލާމްވި ބޭކަލެކެވެ. އަދި އެކަލޭގެފާނަކީ ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމް އާއި ގުޅަމަތިހިއްޕަވާ، އެކަލޭގެފާނު އަތުން ދެތިންފަހަރު ބަލިވެފަވާ މީހެކެވެ. އެއީ އެކަލޭގެފާނު އިސްލާމްވުމުގެ ކުރިންނެވެ. ބުނެވޭގޮތުގައި އެއްވެސް ޝައްކެއްނެތި މިއީ އެކަލޭގެފާނު އިސްލާމްވުމަށް މެދުވެރިވި ސަބަބެވެ. މިއީ ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމް ގުޅަމަތިހިއްޕެވިކަމަށް ހެކިދޭ އެނަމެ ވަރުގަދަ ދަލީލެވެ. ނަމަވެސް ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމް އަބޫޖަހުލާއި ގުޅަމަތިހިއްޕެވިކަމަށް ވާރިދުވެފައިވާ ވުމަކަށް އެއްވެސް ދަލީލެއްނެތެވެ."

ބުއްކާރުގެ ދަރި އައްޒުބައިރު އެކަލޭގެފާނުގެ ފޮތް އައްނަސަބުގައި ވިދާޅުވެފައިވެއެވެ. ޔަޒީދުގެ ދަރި ރުޚާނާއަކީ އެކަލޭގެފާނު އިސްލާމްވުމުގެ ކުރިން މައްކާގައި ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމް އާއި ގުޅަމަތިހިއްޕެވި ބޭކަލެވެ. އެކަލޭގެފާނަކީ މީސްތަކުންގެ ތެރެއިން އެންމެ ހަރުކަށި އަދި އެންމެ ވަރުގަދަ ބޭކަލެވެ. އެކާލޭގެފާނު ބުނުއްވިއެވެ. "ކަލޭގެފާނު އަހަރެން ބަލިކޮށްފިނަމަ އަހަރެން ކަލޭގެފާނަށް ޢީމާންވާނަމެވެ." އޭކަލޭގެފާނު ދަޢުވާކުރެއްވިއެވެ. "ކަލޭގެފާނު ތިއީ ޖާދޫގަރެއްކަމަށް އަހަރެން ހެކިވަމެވެ." ނަމަވެސް ފަހުން އެކަލޭގެފާނު އިސްލާމްވިއެވެ.

ބާބު 2: ހަތިޔާރާއިއެކު ނުވަތަ ހަތިޔާރާއިނުލާ އޮޅުލަންހިފުން

ގުޅަމަތިހިިފުމަށް ބަލާއިރު ހުއަދަވެގެންވަނީ ހަތިޔާރަކާއި ނުލާ ގުޅަމަތިހިފުމެވެ. ނަމަވެސް އެއްވެސް ހަތިޔާރެއްވާނަމަ ގިނަ ޢިލްމުވެރިން މިސާލަކަށް އިމާމް މާލިކް، އިމާމް އަޙްމަދު ބިން ހަންބަލް އަދި އިމާމް ޝާފީ އެއްބަސްވެވަޑައިގަނަނަވަނީ އެއީ ހުއްދަކަމެއް ނޫންކަމަށެވެ. ޝާފިމަޛްލަބްގެ ބައެއް ޢިލްމުވެރިން ވިދާޅުވާގުތުގައި ހަތިޔާރުގެ ގޮތުގައި އެއްޗެއް ހިފައިގެން ގުޅަމަތިހިފުން ހުއްދައެވެ. މާލިކީ މަޛްހަބުގެ ރަޢުޔަކީވެސް މިއެވެ.

ގުޅަމަތިހިފާއިރު ވިސްނަމްޖެހޭ މުހިއްމު ކަންތައްތައް

ސަލަަފުން ގުޅަމަތިހިފުން މާނަކުރެއްވިގޮތާއި އަހަރެމެންނަށް މިޒަމާނުގައި އެނގިފައިވާގޮތާއި ދެމެދު ކުޑަ ފަރަގެއް ވެއެވެ. މިކަމާގުޅެގޮތުން ޝެއިޚް އަލް މުތުޢީ ވިދާޅުވެފައިވެއެވެ.

"އަހަރެމެންގެ ކާބަފައިން (މާތްﷲ އެބޭކަލުންނަށް ރަޙުމަތް ލައްވާށި) ގުޅަމަތިހިފުން މާނަކުރައްވާފައިވަނީ ހަށިގަނޑު ވަރުގަދަކުރުމަށެވެ. މީގެތެރޭގައި އިދިކޮޅުމީހާ ތިރިއަރުވާލުމަށް ބޭނުންކުރާ ހެވިކަމުގެ އުކުޅުތައްވެސް ހިމެނެއެވެ. މިޒަމާނުގައި ގުޅަމަތިހިފުމަށް އެތައް ގޮތްތަކެއް ވެއެވެ. މީގެތެރޭގައި ބަނޑުމުސާރައަށް ބެއްދުމާއި، ރޯމުގެ އަދި ޖަޕާނުގެ ވައްތަރުތަކުގެ އިތުރުން އެތައް ބައިވަރު ގޮތްތަކެއް ހިމެނެއެވެ. މިއިން ކޮންމެ ވައްތަރެއްގައިވެސް ހެވިކަމުގެ އުކުޅުތަކާއި، އިދިކުޅުމީހާ ތިރިއަރުވާލުން އަދި އިދިކޮޅަމީހާ ބާރުޖެހުނަ ނުދީ ހިފެހެއްޓުން ހިމެނެއެވެ."

ގުޅަމަތިހިފާމީހުން އެމީހުންގެ އައުރަ (ޖިންސީ ގުނަވަންތައް) ވަރަށް ރަނގަޅަށް ނިވާކުރަންވާނެއެވެ. އަދި އައުރަ ކަސްފުވިޔަދީގެން ނުވާނެއެވެ. ގުޅަމަތިހިފާމީހާ އޭނަގެ ފޫޅާއި ކަކުލާ ދެމެދު ނިވާކުރުމަކީ ގުޅަމަތިހިފުމުގެ ޝަރުތެކެވެ. މިއީ ޝަރީއަތުގައި ކަނޑައެޅިފައިވާ ޙުކުމެކެވެ. އެހެންކަމުން މިޒަމާނުގެ ގުޅަމަތިހިފުންތެރިން އައުރަނިވާނުވާގޮތަށް އެއަޅާ ހެދުންތަކަކީ ހަމަކަށަވަރުން ޝައިޠާނީ ކަމެކެވެ. ހުއަދަކަމެއް ނޫނެވެ.

މުސްލިމުން ގުޅަމަތިހިފާއިރު އެކަންކުރަންވާނީ އިސްލާމީ ޝަރީއަތުން ކަނޑައަޅާފައިވާ އިންތަކުގެ ތެރޭގައެވެ.

ގުޅަމަތިހިފާ ހިފުމުގައި ހާނީއްކަވުމާ ޖިސްމާނީ އަނިޔާލިބުން އެއީ އާއްމުކަމެއްކަމުގައި ވެގެން ނުވާނެއެވެ. މިކަމާބެހޭގޮތުން އައްލާމާ އައްދަރްދީރް ވިދާޅުވެފާ ވެއެވެ. "މިކަންހުއްދަ ކުރުވަނީ ރަނގަޅު ނިޔަތެކެވެ. އެހެންކަމުން ނިޔަތް ގޯސްވެއްޖެނަމަ އެކަން ބެލެވޭނީ ނުބައި ނުލަފާ އުރެދުމެއް ކަމުގައެވެ. އުރެދުންތެރިން އާއްމުކޮށް ކޮށްއުޅޭފަދަ ކަމެއްކަމުގައެވެ. އެހެންކަމުގަ ވަނީނަމަ ހަމަޔަގީނުންވެސް އެކަން ހުއްދައެއް ނުވާނެއެވެ. ޚާއްޞަކޮށް ކުޅިވަރު ކުޅޭއިރު ސީދާ ބޮނޑިއެއް އެޅުމުގެ ސަބަބުން އާއްމުކޮށް ހާނީއްކަވާނަމައެވެ." ޖިސްމާނީ އަނިޔާތައް ޙަރާމްވުމާއި ގުޅޭ ދަލީލުތައް ގިނަވެފައި ވަރަށް އާންމެވެ. ނިޔަތް ރަނގަޅުކުރުމާ ބެހޭގޮތުންވާ ދަލީލުތަކަށް ބަލާއިރު އަހަރެމެން ބަލާލާނީ މި ހަދީޘްއަށެވެ. ދޭހަވާ މާނައަކީ "ހަތަރުކަމެއް ފިޔަވައި ﷲ ހަނދުމަނުކުރެވޭ ކޮންމެކަމަކީ އުރެދުމެކެވެ. އަދި ބަލައިނުގަނެވޭނެ ކަމެކެވެ. ދެލަނޑުދަނޑިއެއް ދޭތެރޭ ހިނގަމުންދާ މީހާއާއި، އެމީހެއްގެ އަމިއްލަ އަސް ބަލަހައްޓާ މީހާއާއި، އެމީހެއްގެ ޢާއިލާއާއި އެކު ކުޅޭމީހާއާއި ފަތަން ދަސްކުރާމީހާއެވެ." މިހަދީޘްއިން ސާފުކޮށް އެނގޭގޮތުގައި ހުރިހާ ވައްތަރެއްގެ ބޭކާރު ވާހަކަތަކާއި ކުޅިވަރުތަކަށް ވަނީ ތަޢުރީފު ނުކުރައްވާ ދޫކުރައްވާފައެވެ. އަދި ރަސޫލާ ޞައްލަﷲ ޢަލައިހި ވަސައްލަމް ވަނީ ހަތަރުކަމެއް ވި ވަޢީދުގެ ބަސްފުޅުން ބަރީޢަކުރައްވާފައެވެ. ކަލޭ މި ހަތަރުކަމާއިމެދު ވިސްނާފިނަމަ ފެންނާނީ މުޅިންވެސް ވާޖިބުތައް އަދާކުރުމަށް އެހީވެދޭ ކަންތައް ތަކެވެ. ކުޅިވަރުގެ ގޮތުގައި މީހުން ކޮށޮއުޅޭ އެހެނިހެން ބޭކާރު ކަންތައްތަކަށް ބަލާއިރު އެކަންތައްތައް އެއްވެސް ވާޖިބެއް ކުރުމަށް އެހީއެއް ނުވެއެވެ. އެއީ ސަމާލުވާންޖެހޭ ނުރައްކާތަކެކެވެ.

މިޒަމާނުގައި އަންހެންވެރިންވެސް ގުޅަމަތިހިފާ އުޅެއެވެ. ހަމަޔަގީނުންވެސް އެމީހުންގެ އައުރަ ނުދައްކާ މިކަމެއް ނުވާނެއެވެ. އެހެންކަމުން މިކަންތައްތައަ ޖެހޭނީ އެމީހުންނަށް މަނާކުރުވާށެވެ. އަދި އަންހެންވެރިން ގުޅަމަތިހިފާތަން ބެލުމަކީވެސް ޙަރާމަކަމެކެވެ.

ބައެއްމީހުން ޖަނަވާރުތަކާ ގުޅަމަތިހިފަންވެސް ހުށަހެޅިގަނެއެވެ. މިސާލަކަށް ގެރިޔާ އޮޅުލުން ހިފުމަކީ ސްޕެއިންގަ އާއްމުވަމުން އަންނަ ކަމެކެވެ. ހަނދާނަކުރަން ޖެހެނީ މީސްތަކުންގެ މެދުގައި ގުޅަމަތިހިފުން ހުއްދަވެފައިވަނީ މާތްﷲގެ މަގުގައި ޖިހާދުކުރުމަށް ތައްޔާރުވުމުގެ ގޮތުންނެވެ. ޖަނަވާރު ބައިވެރިކުރުމަކީ އެސޮރުމެންމަށް އަނިޔާދިނުމާއެކު ބޮޑުވެގެންވާ ޚިލާފުވެގަތުމެއްވެސްމެއެވެ. ޖަނަވާރުތަކަށް އޯގާތެރިވާން ޝަރީއަތުގައި އަންގަވާފައިވާ ވުމާއި އިދިކޮޅުވުމެކެވެ.

Heavy And Light Raa (Thajweed Rules)

2011-06-25T04:07:00.001-07:00

Anti-retroviral drugs 'help reduce' HIV transmission

2011-05-16T23:13:00.000-07:00

An HIV-positive person who takes anti-retroviral drugs after diagnosis, rather than when their health declines, can cut the risk of spreading the virus to uninfected partners by 96%, according to a study.

"This breakthrough is a serious game changer and will drive the prevention revolution forward. It makes HIV treatment a new priority prevention option," said Michel Sidibe, executive director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/Aids (UNAIDS).

But he warned that it would cost more than ten billion dollars to provide drugs to the ten million people worldwide who are currently not receiving medication for HIV.

Artha, a handy English thesaurus in Ubuntu

2011-05-12T03:13:00.000-07:00

I 've been hunting for an offline dictionary in Ubuntu Linux which is having similar features as wordweb. It took months for me to get to know about Artha (a free GPLed English dictionary and thesaurus for Linux based on WordNet.) Just like word web to check meaning of any word what we have to do is highlight the word to be checked and hit Ctrl + Alt + W . You can choose Artha to show meaning either in pop-up balloon or from dictionary (just like in wordweb).
To install Artha open your terminal and type sudo apt-get install artha or use synaptic pack or else ubuntu software sources.

Install and configure Canon MX347 (Ubuntu, Linux)

2011-04-17T20:48:00.000-07:00

Download MX 340 printer drivers
Extract the ".tar.gz" archives
Open your printer box and select "canonmx340.ppd" drivers from the folder extracted
Install cnijfilter ( find .deb packages of cnijfilter, double click and install )

How to install Dhivehi fonts for Ubuntu noobs

2011-04-17T20:15:00.000-07:00

1. Download Dhivehi font package

2. Go to your home directory and hit ctrl+h to see hidden files

3. If the folder ".fonts" does not exists, create a one

4. Extract the downloaded fonts and copy or cut paste the .ttf fonts to ".fonts" folder.

Crucifixion of Jesus

2011-03-07T00:51:00.000-08:00

I have written this small article not to hurt feelings of any of my Christian brothers, but for a better understanding on each other's view point on the concept of crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus (peace be upon him). This is based on my understanding of the concept based on Quran and Bible. If I have made any mistake feel free to correct me. Please note that we Muslims do not believe Bible to be the word of God Almighty as you don't believe Quran is. We believe God Almighty had revealed scriptures to Mosses, David and Jesus (peace be upon them), but it is not retained in its original form. We believe that there might be words of Almighty in Bible and there might be words of prophets, words of historians and many more; which I'm not going to talk about right now. What ever proof I derived from Quran is sufficient for my Muslim brothers and sisters, and proof I derived from Bible is for my Christian brothers and it need not to be Islamic view point.

Islamic view point

[Surah Nisa (004:157)] And because of their saying (in boast), "We killed Messiah 'خsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), the Messenger of Allâh," – but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but it appeared so to them [the resemblance of 'خsâ (Jesus) was put over another man (and they killed that man)], and those who differ therein are full of doubts. They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture. For surely, they killed him not [i.e. 'خsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary) ['alayhis-salâm]]:

This one verse is enough to convince my Muslim brothers and sisters that Jesus was neither crucified nor resurrected. If any Muslim or Christian is ready to prove me that I'm wrong in this matter according to Quran, you are most welcome.

Biblical View Point

No Crucifixion, No Resurrection, No Christianity

¹³ But if there is no resurrection of the dead, then Christ is not risen. ¹⁴ And if Christ is not risen, then our preaching is empty and your faith is also empty.

= 1^st book of Corinthians ch 15 v 13 & 14 =

What is crucifixion?

Crucify:- Put to death by nailing or binding to transverse bar; causing extreme pain to.

= The oxford dictionary =

What is resurrection?

Resurrection:- Rising from dead.

= The oxford dictionary =

⁴² So also is the resurrection of the dead. The body is sown in corruption, it is raised in incorruption. ⁴³ It is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness, it is raised in power. ⁴⁴ It is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. There is a natural body, and there is a spiritual body.

= 1^st book of Corinthians ch 15 v 42 – 44 =

So we know that according to Bible the resurrected bodies are “spiritualized”.

All the disciples forsook Jesus Christ

⁴⁷ And one of those who stood by drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, and cut off his ear. ⁴⁸ Then Jesus answered and said to them, “Have you come out, as against a robber, with swords and clubs to take Me? ⁴⁹ I was daily with you in the temple teaching, and you did not seize Me. But the Scriptures must be fulfilled.” ⁵⁰ Then they all forsook Him and fled.

= Mark ch 14 v 47-50 =

Who had seen crucifixion of Jesus?

Crucifixion of Jesus was witnessed by only three of his disciples. Joseph of Arimathie, Nicodemus and Marry Magdalene. – Gospel of John 19:39-42

Jesus on the cross only for two hours

Jesus was crucified on Good Friday, as we know for Muslims and Jews day start from the sunset unlike for westerners at midnight 12. The day after Friday is Saturday (sabbath) so they took Jesus from the cross before sunset as it was forbidden for Jews to crucify some one at Sabbath. So Jesus must be in the cross for two to three hours. Crucifixion is painful death where it takes few days for the person crucified to die. So it is practically impossible for him to die on the cross within three hours.

Sign of Jonah

Matthew records that the learned men among the Jews – the Scribes and Pharisees – came to Jesus and asked, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from You.”. (Matthew 12:38)

With righteous indignation Jesus replies: “But He answered and said to them, “An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.” (Matthew 12:39-40)

Jesus says, “NO SIGN.” He does not refer the Jews to blind Bartimeus whose sight he had restored. He does not speak about the “woman with issues” who was healed by merely touching him; or about the 2000 pigs he had destroyed to heal “a man possessed;” or the 5000 and the 3000 people he had fed and satiated with a few pieces of fish and a few pieces of bread. ‘No sign,” says Jesus, BUT ONE! –“THE SIGN OF THE PROPHET JONAH!” He is putting all his “eggs” in one basket. His claim to being the Messiah (Christ) stands or falls by the ONLY “sign” he was prepared to give.

What was the sign of Jonah???

What was the “sign” (miracle) of Jonah? We have to go to the “Book of Jonah” in the Old Testament to find out. God commanded Jonah to go to Nineveh and warn the Ninevites to repent from their “evil ways, and from the violence that is in their hands.” (Jonah 3:8) But Jonah was loath to go as a warner unto the Ninevites, so he goes to Joppa instead of Ninevah, and takes a boat to run away from the Lord’s command. While at sea, there was a terrible tempest. According to the superstition of the mariners, a person fleeing from his Master’s command creates such a turmoil at sea. They began to inquire among themselves and said, “COME, AND LET US CAST LOTS, (like the tossing of a coin, “head” or “tail”) THAT WE MAY KNOW FOR WHOSE CAUSE THIS EVIL IS UPON US. SO THEY CAST LOTS, AND THE LOT FELL UPON JONAH.” (Jonah 1:7) Though there was a temporary lapse on the part of Jonah in fulfilling his mission, he manfully and most courageously volunteers: “AND HE SAID UNTO THEM TAKE ME UP, AND CAST ME FORTH INTO THE SEA; SO SHALL THE SEA BE CALM UNTO YOU: FOR I KNOW THAT FOR MY SAKE THIS GREAT TEMPEST IS UPON YOU.” (Jonah 1:12)

DEAD OR ALIVE?

Since Jonah was selflessly offering himself as a “vicarious” sacrifice there was no need for strangling him before throwing him into the sea, no need to spear him or break his arm or limb. In his own words: “TAKE ME UP AND CAST ME FORTH.” The question now arises, that when the ship master and the crew threw him overboard, was Jonah dead or alive? Any Christian child who has attended Sunday School will give an immediate reply: “ALIVE!” The storm subsides. Was this perhaps a coincidence? A fish swallows Jonah. Was he dead or alive when swallowed? The answer again is “ALIVE” Was he dead or alive when “JONAH PRAYED UNTO THE LORD HIS GOD OUT OF THE FISH’S BELLY?” (Jonah 2:1) Surely dead men don’t cry and don’t pray! The answer again is “ALIVE” For three days and three nights the fish takes him around the ocean: dead or alive? “ALIVE!” is the answer. On the third day it vomits him on the seashore: dead or alive? A-L-I-V-E, of course! What had Jesus prophesied about himself? He said: “AS JONAH WAS SO SHALL THE SON OF MAN BE”

If Jonah was alive for three days and three nights, then Jesus also ought to have been alive in the tomb as he himself had foretold! But Christianity hangs on the flimsy thread of the “death” of Jesus for its salvation. So it has to answer that Jesus was DEAD for three days and three nights. The contradiction between his utterance and its fulfillment is obvious. Jonah ALIVE, Jesus DEAD! Very UNLIKE Jonah! Jesus had said “LIKE Jonah” not UNLIKE Jonah. If this is true then according to his own test Jesus is not the TRUE Messiah of the Jews. If the Gospel record is genuine then how can we blame the Jews for rejecting “CHRIST.” Being a Muslim I believe Jesus told truth but those who believed Jesus died had misunderstood.

The Doctor of Divinity and the Professor of Theology replies that in Matthew 12:40 under discussion, the emphasis is on the TIME factor “as Jonas was THREE days and THREE nights in the belly of the whale, so shall the son of man be THREE days and THREE nights in the heart of the earth.” “Please note,” says the learned theologian, “that the word “THREE” is repeated F-O-U-R times in this verse to prove that Jesus was going to fulfill the prophecy as regards the length of time he was going to remain in the tomb, and NOT ‘As Jonas was’ in relation to his being alive or dead. If it is the time factor that Jesus was stressing then let us ask whether he fulfilled that aspect of his promise to the Jews as well. The Christian dogmatist answers: “OF COURSE!”

From the Gospel records we gather that the Jews were in a hurry to eliminate Jesus. Hence the midnight trial, and then dispatching him off to Pilate in the morning; from Pilate to Herod and then back again to Pilate. The vested interests were afraid of the general public. Jesus was their hero. He had been their benefactor. His enemies had to do away with him quickly, and succeeded in doing so. However, as much as they were in a hurry to hang him on the cross, they were in equal hurry to bring him down from the cross before sunset on Friday because of the Sabbath. The Sabbath starts at about 6 p.m. on Friday and the Jews were warned in Deuteronomy 21:23 that the victim of crucifixion was an “accursed of God” and was not to be permitted to remain hanging on the Sabbath day, “that thy land be not defiled which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.” To satisfy the religious scruples of the Scribes and Pharisees the “secret disciples” of Jesus took down the body from the cross. They gave the body the Jewish burial-bath, plastered it with “one hundred pounds weight of aloes and myrrh” (John 19:39), then placed the shrouded body into the sepulcher before night-fall.

There are numerous differences between the various sects and denominations of Christianity, but on the above they are unanimous. Jesus is SUPPOSED to be in the tomb on the night of Friday. He is still SUPPOSED to be in the tomb on the day of Saturday. He is still SUPPOSED to be in the tomb on the night of Saturday.

Note that the GRAND TOTAL is ONE day and TWO nights, and NOT three days and three nights. According to the Christian Scriptures Jesus had failed a SECOND time. FIRST he was unlike Jonah, who was ALIVE in the belly of the fish, which is the exact opposite of what the Christians claim had happened to their master Jesus, who was DEAD for the same period of time as Jonah was – ALIVE. SECONDLY, we discover that he also failed to fulfill the TIME FACTOR as well. The greatest mathematician in Christendom will fail to obtain the desired result – THREE days and THREE nights. We must not forget that the Gospels are explicit in telling us that it was “before sunrise” on Sunday morning (the FIRST day of the week), that Mary Magdalene went to the tomb of Jesus and found it empty.

Tomb Of Jesus

It was a private property of scared disciple Joseph of Arimathea, a rich and influential Jew. According to Jim Bishop it was very roomy, 5 feet wide, 7 feet in height and 15 feet in depth. I wonder if Christ really died why would they place him (just one body) in 525 cubic feet tomb (large room).

Jesus and Mary Magdalene

¹ Now the first day of the week Mary Magdalene went to the tomb early, while it was still dark, and saw that the stone had been taken away from the tomb. ² Then she ran and came to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and said to them, “They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they have laid Him.”
³ Peter therefore went out, and the other disciple, and were going to the tomb. ⁴ So they both ran together, and the other disciple outran Peter and came to the tomb first. ⁵ And he, stooping down and looking in, saw the linen cloths lying there; yet he did not go in. ⁶ Then Simon Peter came, following him, and went into the tomb; and he saw the linen cloths lying there, ⁷ and the handkerchief that had been around His head, not lying with the linen cloths, but folded together in a place by itself. ⁸ Then the other disciple, who came to the tomb first, went in also; and he saw and believed. ⁹ For as yet they did not know the Scripture, that He must rise again from the dead. ¹⁰ Then the disciples went away again to their own homes.

¹⁴ Now when she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing there, and did not know that it was Jesus. ¹⁵ Jesus said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Whom are you seeking?”
She, supposing Him to be the gardener, said to Him, “Sir, if You have carried Him away, tell me where You have laid Him, and I will take Him away.”
¹⁶ Jesus said to her, “Mary!”
She turned and said to Him, “Rabboni!” (which is to say, Teacher).
¹⁷ Jesus said to her, “Do not cling to Me, for I have not yet ascended to My Father; but go to My brethren and say to them, ‘I am ascending to My Father and your Father, and to My God and your God.’”
¹⁸ Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that He had spoken these things to her.

= John Ch 20: V 1-18 =

¹ Now when the Sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices, that they might come and anoint Him. ² Very early in the morning, on the first day of the week, they came to the tomb when the sun had risen. ³ And they said among themselves, “Who will roll away the stone from the door of the tomb for us?”

= Mark Ch 16: V 1-3 =

¹⁰ She went and told those who had been with Him, as they mourned and wept. ¹¹ And when they heard that He was alive and had been seen by her, they did not believe.

= Mark Ch 16: V 10-11 =

Why did Marry Magdalen when to anoint Jesus Christ? If he was dead it was second day after his dead. If I ask do Jews anoint and massage dead bodies after two days you will say NO. What about Christians, do they? NO. We Muslims? ABSOLUTELY NOT. Marry Magdalen went to anoint and massage Jesus because according to Gospel of John 19:39-42 she was among the only three disciples who had seen the crucifixion of Christ and she know that he is ALIVE.

Why was the stone removed?? According to 1^st book of Corinthians ch 15 v 44 resurrected bodies are spiritualized, so it is obvious that that the stone was moved because Jesus was not resurrected. If not he could have easily passed through like a ghost. Further if we see the linen cloths were unwound and kept inside. It concludes Jesus was a physical body like you and I (ALIVE).

Marry Magdalen supposed Jesus to be the gardener. Do resurrected bodies looks like gardeners? The answer is NO. Marry supposed Jesus to be the gardener because he was ALIVE.

“Sir, if You have carried Him away, tell me where You have laid Him, and I will take Him away.”

Do you think Marry alone can carry body of Jesus Christ if he is dead as she says “I will take Him away” ? Absolutely not. (Note that all the disciples when their home by then according to John 20:10)

She asked for it because she knew that the Jesus was ALIVE.

“Do not cling to Me” because Jesus was ALIVE and imaging if someone clings on a person undergoing such severe pain due no nailing a cross. And here Jesus clearly says he has not resurrected “I have not yet ascended to My Father”

The Upper Room

³⁶ Now as they said these things, Jesus Himself stood in the midst of them, and said to them, “Peace to you.” ³⁷ But they were terrified and frightened, and supposed they had seen a spirit. ³⁸ And He said to them, “Why are you troubled? And why do doubts arise in your hearts? ³⁹ Behold My hands and My feet, that it is I Myself. Handle Me and see, for a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see I have.”
⁴⁰ When He had said this, He showed them His hands and His feet. ⁴¹ But while they still did not believe for joy, and marveled, He said to them, “Have you any food here?” ⁴² So they gave Him a piece of a broiled fish and some honeycomb.⁴³ And He took it and ate in their presence.

= Luke Ch 24: V 36-43 =

Why were they terrified to see their lost master? Because they have heard their master was killed but they were not eyewitnesses as they flew away according to Mark 14:50. Disciples thought it was ghost of Jesus. Jesus went on proving them that he is not a ghost, but ALIVE. Handle my hand and feet, spirit has got no flesh and bones as you see I have. When they did they came to understand that he is ALIVE so overjoyed and excited. Yet they couldn't believe completely, so Jesus asked them if they have any food so that Jesus can eat it and get them ridge of all the doubts they were having in their minds. So they gave Him a piece of a broiled fish and some honeycomb and he ate it.

One last question is do Ghosts eat? Answer is no he was not a ghost, he was ALIVE.

Soul sinned shall die

²⁰ The soul who sins shall die. The son shall not bear the guilt of the father, nor the father bear the guilt of the son. The righteousness of the righteous shall be upon himself, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon himself.

= Ezekiel Ch 18 : V 20 =

So according to above statement in Bible you are responsible for your sin, not Jesus.

So I conclude here with a verse from holy Quran

[017:081] And say: "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished. Surely, falsehood is ever bound to vanish."

http://www.scribd.com/doc/50180406/Crucifixion-of-Jesus

Medial Meniscus & Lateral Meniscus

2011-01-30T22:21:00.000-08:00

The medial meniscus and lateral meniscus are specialized structures within the knee. These crescent-shaped shock absorbers between the tibia and femur have an important role in the function and health of the knee. Once thought to be of little use, the menisci (plural) were routinely removed when torn. Now we know that the menisci contribute to a healthy knee because they play important roles in joint stability, force transmission, and lubrication. When possible, they are repaired if injured. There are even experimental attempts to replace a damaged meniscus, possibly an important advance in orthopaedic medicine.

There are two categories of meniscal injuries - acute tears and degenerative tears.

An acute tear usually occurs when the knee is bent and forcefully twisted, while the leg is in a weight bearing position. Statistics show that about 61 of 100,000 people experience an acute tear of the meniscus.

Degenerative tears of the meniscus are more common in older people. Sixty percent of the population over the age of 65 probably has some sort of degenerative tear of the meniscus. As the meniscus ages, it weakens and becomes less elastic. Degenerative tears may result from minor events and there may or may not be any symptoms present.

What are the menisci?

The two menisci of the knee are crescent-shaped wedges that fill the gap between the tibia and femur. The menisci provide joint stability by creating a cup for the femur to sit in. The outer edges are fairly thick while the inner surfaces are thin. If the menisci were missing, the curved femur would move on the flat tibia.

The medial meniscus, located on the inside of the knee, is more of an elongated "C"- shape, as the tibial surface is larger on that side. The medial meniscus is more commonly injured because it is firmly attached to the medial collateral ligament and joint capsule. The lateral meniscus, on the outside of the knee, is more circular in shape. The lateral meniscus is more mobile than the medial meniscus as there is no attachment to the lateral collateral ligament or joint capsule.

The outer edges of each meniscus attach to the tibia by the short coronary ligaments. Other short ligaments attach the ends of the menisci to the tibial surface. The inner edges are free to move because they are not attached to the bone. This lets the menisci change shape as the joint moves. The front portion of the meniscus is referred to as the anterior horn, the back portion is the posterior horn, and the middle section is the body.

Under the microscope, the meniscus is fibrocartilage that has strength and flexibility from collagen fiber. Its resilience is due to the high water content in the spaces between the cells. There is not much blood supply to the menisci. Blood flows only to the outer edges from small arteries around the joint. The poor blood supply to the inner portion of the meniscus makes it difficult for the meniscus to heal.

What does the meniscus do?
The meniscus acts as a shock absorber for the knee by spreading compression forces from the femur over a wider area on the tibia.

The medial meniscus bears up to 50% of the load applied to the medial (inside) compartment of the knee.
The lateral meniscus absorbs up to 80% of the load on the lateral (outside) compartment of the knee.
During the various phases of the walking cycle, forces shift from one meniscus to the other, and forces on the knee can increase to 2 - 4 times body weight.
While running, these forces on the knee increase up to to 6 - 8 times body weight. There are even higher forces when landing from a jump.

The important role of the meniscus in force transmission can be seen when the menisci are removed.

If the menisci are removed, the forces are no longer distributed over a wide area of the tibia. Without the medial meniscus, the tibial contact area is decreased 50 - 70%. This means the same forces from the femur are concentrated on a smaller area of the tibia.
When the lateral meniscus is removed, there is a 45 - 50% decrease in contact area. This results in a 200 - 300% increase in contact pressure, which can eventually damage the cartilage on the ends of the bones. This can lead to degenerative arthritis.

In the 1960s and 1970s, it was common to remove a damaged meniscus entirely. This frequently led to early degenerative arthritis in many patients.

Removing the entire medial meniscus can lead to a bow-legged deformity and medial joint arthritis.
Removing the entire lateral meniscus can cause a knock-kneed deformity and lateral joint arthritis.

What is a meniscus injury?
Patients describe meniscal tears in a variety of ways. Knowing where and how a meniscus was torn helps the doctor determine the best treatment.

Location -A tear may be located in the anterior horn, body, or posterior horn. A posterior horn tear is the most common. The meniscus is broken down into the outer, middle, and inner thirds. The third in which the tear is located will determine the ability of the tear to heal, since blood supply in that area is critical to the healing process. Tears in the outer 1/3 have the best chance of healing.
Pattern - Meniscal tears come in many shapes. The pattern of the tear influences the doctor's decision on treatment. Examples of the various patterns are:
- longitudinal
- bucket-handle
- displaced bucket handle
- parrot beak
- radial
- displaced flap
- horizontal
- degenerative
A complex tear includes more than one pattern.
Completeness - A tear is classified as being complete or incomplete. A tear is considered complete if it goes all the way through the meniscus and a piece of the tissue is separated from the rest of the meniscus. If the tear is still partly attached to the body of the meniscus, it is considered incomplete.
Stability - A tear can be stable or unstable. A stable tear does not move and may heal on its own. An unstable tear allows the meniscus to move abnormally and is likely to be a problem if it is not surgically corrected.

http://thesteadmanclinic.com/meniscus/overview.asp

Obey Allah and obey the Messenger

2011-01-30T07:31:00.000-08:00

Aal Imran ch 3 v 32

قُلْ أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَالرَّسُولَ ۖ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْكَافِرِينَ [٣:٣٢

ކަލޭގެފާނު ވިދާޅުވާށެވެ! ތިޔަބައިމީހުން، اللَّهއަށާއި، رسولއާއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! ފަހެ، ތިޔަބައިމީހުން އެނބުރި ފުރަގަސްދީފިނަމަ (ދަންނާށެވެ!) ފަހެ، ހަމަކަށަވަރުން، كافرންދެކެ اللَّه ލޯބިވެވޮޑިގެނެއް ނުވެތެވެ.

[003:032] Say (O Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]): "Obey Allâh and the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam])." But if they turn away, then Allâh does not like the disbelievers.

Aal Imran ch 3 v 132

وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَالرَّسُولَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ [٣:١٣٢

އަދި، اللَّهއަށާއި، رسولއާއަށް، ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ކިޔަމަންތެރިވާށެވެ! (އެއީ) ތިޔަބައިމީހުންނަށް رحمةލެއްވުމަށްޓަކައެވެ.

[003:132] And obey Allâh and the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]) that you may obtain mercy.

An Nisa ch 4 v 59

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَتَحَاكَمُوا إِلَى الطَّاغُوتِ وَقَدْ أُمِرُوا أَنْ يَكْفُرُوا بِهِ وَيُرِيدُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ يُضِلَّهُمْ ضَلَالًا بَعِيدًا [٤:٦٠

އޭ إيمانވެއްޖެ މީސްތަކުންނޭވެ! ތިޔަބައިމީހުން، اللَّهއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި، رسولއާއަށާއި، ތިޔަބައިމީހުންގެ ތެރެއިން ވެރިންނަށްވެސް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! ފަހެ، ކަމަކާމެދު ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ދެބަސްވެއްޖެނަމަ، اللَّهއަށާއި، رسولއާއަށް އެކަމެއް ރައްދުކުރާށެވެ! (އެބަހީ: އެކަމާމެދު اللَّهއާއި، އެކަލާނގެ رسولއާގެ حكم އޮތްގޮތެއް ބަލައި އެގޮތަށް عملކުރާށެވެ!) ތިޔަބައިމީހުން، اللَّهއަށާއި، آخرةދުވަހަށް إيمانވާ ކަމުގައި ވާނަމައެވެ. އެގޮތް ތިޔަބައިމީހުންނަށް ހެޔޮކަންބޮޑެވެ. އަދި، ނިމުމެއްގެގޮތުން ރީތިކަންވެސް ބޮޑުމެއެވެ.

[004:059] O you who believe! Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]), and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority. (And) if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allâh and His Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam], if you believe in Allâh and in the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination.

Al Ma'idha ch 5 v 92

لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا إِذَا مَا اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ ثُمَّ اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا ثُمَّ اتَّقَوْا وَأَحْسَنُوا ۗ وَاللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ [٥:٩٣

އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން اللَّهއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން رسولއާއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ރައްކާތެރިވާށެވެ! ފަހެ، ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ފުރަގަސްދިން ނަމަވެސް، ހަމަކަށަވަރުން، ތިމަންރަސްކަލާނގެ رسولއާއަށް އޮތީ،
بيانވެގެންވާ އިއްވެވުންކަން ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ދަންނާށެވެ!

[005:092] And obey Allâh and the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]), and beware (of even coming near to drinking or gambling or Al-Ansâb, or Al-Azlâm) and fear Allâh. Then if you turn away, you should know that it is Our Messenger's duty to convey (the Message) in the clearest way.

Al Anfal ch 8 v 1

۞ يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ ۖ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ ۖ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ ۖ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ [٨:١

غنيمةމުދަލާމެދު އެއުރެން ކަލޭގެފާނާ سؤالކުރެތެވެ. ކަލޭގެފާނު ވިދާޅުވާށެވެ! غنيمةމުދާ ވަނީ، اللَّهއަށާއި، رسولއާއަށެވެ. ފަހެ، اللَّهއަށް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން تقوىވެރިވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުންގެ ދެމެދުގެ ގުޅުންތައް إصلاحކުރާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން مؤمنން ކަމުގައިވާނަމަ، اللَّهއަށާއި، އެކަލާނގެ رسولއާއަށް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ!

[008:001] They ask you (O Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]) about the spoils of war. Say: "The spoils are for Allâh and the Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]." So fear Allâh and adjust all matters of difference among you, and obey Allâh and His Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]), if you are believers.

Al Anfal ch 8 v 20

وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ قَالُوا سَمِعْنَا وَهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ [٨:٢١

އޭ إيمانވެއްޖެ މީސްތަކުންނޭވެ! اللَّهއަށާއި، އެކަލާނގެ رسولއާއަށް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން (އެކަލޭގެފާނު ވިދާޅުވާ އެއްޗެއް) އަޑުއަހާންތިބެފައި، އެކަލޭގެފާނަށް ފުރަގަސްނުދޭށެވެ!

[008:020] O you who believe! Obey Allâh and His Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam], and turn not away from him (i.e. Messenger Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]) while you are hearing.

Al Anfal ch 8 v 46

وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ بَطَرًا وَرِئَاءَ النَّاسِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطٌ [٨:٤٧

އަދި اللَّهއަށާއި، އެކަލާނގެ رسولއާއަށް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ދެބަސްވެ އަރާރުންނުވާށެވެ! (ދެބަސްވެ އަރާރުންވާނަމަ) ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ފިނޑިވެ، ތިޔަބައިމީހުންގެ ބާރުނެތި ހިނގައިދާނެއެވެ. އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ކެތްތެރިވާށެވެ! ހަމަކަށަވަރުން، اللَّه ވޮޑިގެންވަނީ، ކެތްތެރިންނާ އެކުގައެވެ.

[008:046] And obey Allâh and His Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam], and do not dispute (with one another) lest you lose courage and your strength departs, and be patient. Surely, Allâh is with those who are As-Sâbirûn (the patient).

An Noor ch 24 v 54

قُلْ أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ ۖ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ مَا حُمِّلَ وَعَلَيْكُمْ مَا حُمِّلْتُمْ ۖ وَإِنْ تُطِيعُوهُ تَهْتَدُوا ۚ وَمَا عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ [٢٤:٥٤

ކަލޭގެފާނު ވިދާޅުވާށެވެ! ތިޔަބައިމީހުން اللَّهއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން رسولއާއަށްވެސް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! ފަހެ، އެއުރެން ފުރަގަސްދީ ހިނގައްޖެނަމަ، ފަހެ، އެކަލޭގެފާނުގެ މައްޗަށް އޮތްކަން ކަށަވަރީ އެކަލޭގެފާނާ މަތިކުރެއްވި ކަންތަކެވެ. (އެއީ رسولކަން އިއްވެވުމެވެ.) އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުންގެ މައްޗަށްއޮތީ ތިޔަބައިމީހުންނާ މަތިކުރެއްވި ކަންތަކެވެ. (އެއީ إيمانވެ ކިޔަމަންގަތުމެވެ.) އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން އެކަލޭގެފާނަށް ކިޔަމަންވާނަމަ ތިޔަބައިމީހުންނަށް ތެދުމަގު ލިބޭނެތެވެ. بيانވެގެންވާ އިއްވެވުން މެނުވީ رسولއާގެ މައްޗަކަށް ނުވެއެވެ.

[024:054] Say: "Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam], but if you turn away, he (Messenger Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]) is only responsible for the duty placed on him (i.e. to convey Allâh's Message) and you for that placed on you. If you obey him, you shall be on the right guidance. The Messenger's duty is only to convey (the message) in a clear way (i.e. to preach in a plain way)."

An Noor ch 24 v 56

وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ [٢٤:٥٦

ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ނަމާދު قائمކުރާށެވެ! އަދި زكاةދޭށެވެ! އަދި رسولއާއަށް ކިޔަަމަންވާށެވެ! (އެއީ) ތިޔަބައިމީހުންނަށް رحمةލެއްވުމަށްޓަކައެވެ.

[024:056] And perform As-Salât (the prayers), and give Zakât (obligatory charity) and obey the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]) that you may receive mercy (from Allâh).

Muhammed ch 47 v 33

۞ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَلَا تُبْطِلُوا أَعْمَالَكُمْ [٤٧:٣٣

އޭ إيمانވެއްޖެ މީސްތަކުންނޭވެ! ތިޔަބައިމީހުން اللَّهއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި رسولއާއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުންގެ عملތައް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން باطل ނުކުރާހުށިކަމެވެ!

[047:033] O you who believe! Obey Allâh, and obey the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]) and render not vain your deeds.

Al Mujadilah ch 58 v 13

أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَنْ تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ ۚ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ۚ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ [٥٨:١٣

ތިޔަބައިމީހުން رسولއާއަށް مناجاةއެއް ދެންނެވުމުގެކުރިން صدقاتއެއް ކުރިމަތިކުރުމަށް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ބިރުގަތީހެއްޔެވެ؟ ފަހެ، ތިޔަބައިމީހުންނަށް އެކަންތައް ނުކުރެވުނުހިނދު، އަދި اللَّه ތިޔަބައިމީހުންގެ މައްޗަށް توبة ލައްވައިފިހިނދު، ފަހެ، ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ނަމާދު قائمކުރާށެވެ! އަދި زكاةދޭށެވެ! އަދި اللَّهއާއި، އެކަލާނގެ رسولއާއަށް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! اللَّهއީ، ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ކުރާކަންތައް މޮޅަށް ދެނެވޮޑިގެންވާ ރަސްކަލާނގެއެވެ.

[058:013] Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation (with him)? If then you do it not, and Allâh has forgiven you, then (at least) perform As-Salât (the prayers) and give Zakât (obligatory charity) and obey Allâh (i.e. do all that Allâh and His Messenger order you to do). And Allâh is Well-Acquainted with what you do.

At Taqahabun ch 64 v 12

وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ ۚ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَىٰ رَسُولِنَا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ [٦٤:١٢]

ތިޔަބައިމީހުން اللَّهއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! އަދި ތިޔަބައިމީހުން رسولއާއަށް ކިޔަމަންވާށެވެ! ފަހެ، ތިޔަބައިމީހުން (އެކަމަށް) ފުރަގަސްދީފިނަމަ، ފަހެ، ތިމަންރަސްކަލާނގެ رسولއާގެ މައްޗަށް އޮތްކަން ކަށަވަރީ، بيانވެގެންވާ އިއްވެވުމެވެ.

[064:012] Obey Allâh, and obey the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]); but if you turn away, then the duty of Our Messenger is only to convey (the Message) clearly.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/47763320/Obey-Prophet-SAW

Muslims celebrating at the time of Christmas

2010-12-23T01:51:00.000-08:00

Prohibition on celebrating the festivals of the kuffaar

Is it permissible for Muslims to take part in their festivals, such as Christmas?

Praise be to Allaah.

It is not permissible for the Muslim to join the kuffaar in their festivals and to express joy and happiness on these occasions, or to take the day off work, whether the occasion is religious or secular, because this is a kind of imitating the enemies of Allaah, which is forbidden, and a kind of co-operating with them in falsehood. It was proven that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever imitates a people is one of them.” And Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Help you one another in Al‑Birr and At‑Taqwa (virtue, righteousness and piety); but do not help one another in sin and transgression. And fear Allaah. Verily, Allaah is Severe in punishment”[al-Maa'idah 5:2]

We advise you to refer to the book Iqtidaa’ al-Siraat al-Mustaqeem by Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him), for it is very useful on this topic. [Translator’s note: This book is available in English under the title “The Right Way,” published by Darussalam, Riyadh].

And Allaah is the source of strength. May Allaah bless our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions, and grant them peace.

Standing Committee on Academic Research and Issuing Fatwas, Fatwa no. 2540.

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Attending the festivals of the mushrikeen and congratulating them

Is it permissible to attend the celebrations of Christian festivals and congratulate them?

Praise be to Allaah.

Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: it is not permissible for the Muslims to attend the festivals of the mushrikeen, according to the consensus of the scholars whose words carry weight. The fuqaha’ who follow the four schools of thought have stated this clearly in their books… Al-Bayhaqi narrated with a saheeh isnaad from ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab that he said: “Do not enter upon the mushrikeen in their churches on the day of their festival, for divine wrath is descending upon them.” And ‘Umar also said: “Avoid the enemies of Allaah on their festivals.” Al-Bayhaqi narrated with a jayyid isnaad from ‘Abd-Allaah ibn ‘Amr that he said: “Whoever settles in the land of the non-Arabs and celebrates their new year and festival and imitates them until he dies in that state, will be gathered with them on the Day of Resurrection.” (Ahkaam Ahl al-Dhimmah, 1/723-724).

With regard to congratulating them on their festivals, this has already been answered in Question no. 947, which we advise you to refer to.

Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid

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His company gives its employees a Christmas bonus

I live in the u.s. and am employed with a retail clothing company that has two end-of-year traditions effecting its employees.
1. Issuance of a "christmas" bonus in an amount determined by salary and company sales performance.
2. An allotment of $50 to be used for, or towards a "holiday" meal of their choosing.
Are these actions considered unacceptable gifts?.

Praise be to Allaah. There is nothing wrong with a company giving its employees bonuses or gifts, whether in the form of cash, coupons or specific gifts. But if the gift is connected to Christmas and is a kind of celebration or congratulations on the occasion of that festival, it is not permissible to accept it, because it is a kind of honouring their festivals and approving of them, and helping them in their falsehood.

There is nothing wrong with the employee eating at the restaurant chosen by the company so long as there are no evils involved that the employee cannot denounce or remove, such as drinking alcohol, music, dancing and so on, in which case it is not permissible for him to go there unless he is compelled to do so.

And Allah knows best.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Ruling on the Muslims celebrating at the time of Christmas and decorating their homes with balloons

What do you say to Muslims in the United Kingdom who celebrate at Christmas time by holding dinner parties in their houses on Christmas or afterwards, for their Muslim families, such as preparing roast turkey and the other dishes of the traditional Christmas dinner, and they adorn their houses with balloons and paper chains, and they do the “secret Santa” tradition, whereby each relative brings a gift for one of the people present and these gifts are brought to the party to be given to the one for whom he bought it, without the recipient knowing who he is. [“Secret Santa” is a new, growing custom among non-Muslims who celebrate Christmas, and is in accordance with their belief in the myth of Santa Claus].
Is this action regarded as halaal or haraam, if no one is attending this party except Muslims (relatives and family members)?.

Praise be to Allaah.

There is no doubt that what is mentioned of celebrations is haraam, because it is an imitation of the kuffaar. It is well known that the Muslims do not have any festival apart from Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, and the weekly “Eid” which is Friday (Yawm al-Jumu‘ah). Celebrating any other festival is not allowed and is either of two things: either it is an innovation (bid‘ah), if it is celebrated as a means of drawing close to Allah, such as celebrating the Prophet’s Birthday (Mawlid); or it is an imitation of the kuffaar, if it is celebrated as a tradition and not as an act of worship, because introducing innovated festivals is the action of the people of the Book who we are commanded to differ from. So how about if it is a celebration of one of their actual festivals?

Decorating the house with balloons at this time is obviously joining in with the kuffaar and celebrating their festival.

What the Muslim is required to do is not to single out these days for any kind of celebration, decorating or adornment, or special foods, otherwise he will be joining the kuffaar in their festivals, which is something that is undoubtedly haraam.

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Similarly it is forbidden for the Muslims to imitate the kuffaar by holding parties on these occasions, or exchanging gifts, or distributing sweets or other foods, or taking time off work and so on, because the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever imitates a people is one of them.” Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah said in his book Iqtida’ al-Siraat al-Mustaqeem Mukhaalifat Ashaab al-Jaheem: Imitating them on some of their festivals implies that one is happy with the falsehood they are following, and that could make them (the non-Muslims) take this opportunity to mislead those who are weak in faith.

Those who do any of these things are sinning, whether they do it to go along with them, or to be friendly towards them, or because they feel too shy (to refuse to join in) or any other reason, because it is a kind of compromising the religion of Allah to please others, and it is a means of lifting the spirits of the kuffaar and making them proud of their religion,

End quote from Fataawa Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, 3/44

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about a Muslim who makes the food of the Christians on Nawrooz (Persian New Year) and on all their occasions such as Epiphany and other feast days, and who sells them things to help them celebrate their festivals. Is it permissible for the Muslims to do any of these things or not?

He replied: Praise be to Allah. It is not permissible for the Muslims to imitate them in any way that is unique to their festivals, whether it be food, clothes, bathing, lighting fires or refraining from usual work or worship, and so on. And it is not permissible to give a feast or to exchange gifts or to sell things that help them to celebrate their festivals, or to let children and others play the games that are played on their festivals, or to adorn oneself or put up decorations. In general, (Muslims) are not allowed to single out the festivals of the kuffaar for any of these rituals or customs. Rather the day of their festivals is just an ordinary day for the Muslims, and they should not single it out for any activity that is part of what the kuffaar do on these days.

From al-Fataawa al-Kubra, 2/487; Majmoo‘ al-Fataawa, 25/329

And Allaah knows best.

Be aware of Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh (Tablighi Jamat)

2010-12-16T03:28:00.000-08:00

Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh (Tablighi Jamat)

Name of group - Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh, also known as Tablighi Jamat
Adherent to group - Tableeghee, also known as Tablighi, or T.J.

The da'wah of the Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh is based upon spreading the merits of Islaam to everyone they are able to reach. This entails it's adherents to give up some of their time to go out and spread and propogate the da'wah keeping well away from political and partisan issues.

It's members are compelled into going out (khurooj) to give da'wah and mix with the Muslims in their masaajid, houses and businesses and give words of advice and encourage them to come out with them to give da'wah.

They advise that no members should get themselves involved in any quarrels with the Muslims or the government.

Foundation and major personalities

- The founder was called Shaykh Muhammad Ilyaas al-Kaandahlawee who was born in Kaandahlah, a village in the region of Sahaaranfoor in India in 1303 A.H. (1887 C.E.) (died 1364 A.H. / 1948 C.E.).

Initially, he sought knowledge in this village, then later travelled to Delhi where he completed his studies at the Madrasah Deoband which is amongst the biggest Hanafee schools in the Indian sub-continent, which was setup in the year 1283 A.H. (1867 C.E.).

He also sought knowledge under the guardianship of his older brother, Shaykh Muhammad Yahya, who was a teacher at the Madrasah Mathaahir al-'Uloom in Sahaaranfoor.

Later, he studied under Shaykh Ashraf 'Alee Thanwee (1280 A.H. (1863 C.E.) - 1364 A.H. (1943 C.E.)), who was known to them as ((Hakeem al-Ummah)).

Likewise, he also studied under Shaykh Mahmood Hasan (1268 A.H. (1851 C.E.) - 1339 A.H. (1920 C.E.)) who was amongst the major scholars of the Madrasah Deoband and the Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh.

As for Shaykh Rasheed Ahmad al-Kankoohee, born in 1829 C.E. (died 1905 C.E.); Shaykh Muhammad Ilyaas actually gave bay'ah (oath of allegiance) to him in 1315 A.H. (1899 C.E.).

He later renewed his bay'ah (oath of allegiance) to Shaykh Khaleel Ahmad as-Sahaaranfooree who was one of the scholars of the Deobandiyyah group.

- Shaykh 'Abdur-Raheem Shaah ad-Deobandee at-Tableeghee spent alot of time in organising the affaris of the Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh along with Muhammad Ilyaas and his son Shaykh Muhammad Yoosuf after him.

- Shaykh Ihtishaam al-Hasan al-Kaandahlawee married the sister of Muhammad Ilyaas, and spent a long time commanding the Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh whilst in the companionship of Shaykh Muhammad Ilyaas, its founder.

Thoughts and beliefs

The founder stipulated six maxims which he established as the fundamentals of his da'wah, with all members taking care to memorise them and propogate them in their da'wah efforts:

1) al-Kalimah at-Tayyibah (declaration of faith - ((Laa ilaaha il-Allaah Muhammad Rasool-Allaah))) ;

2) al-Khushoo' fis-salaah (offering prayers with full concentration);

3) al-'Ilm wadh-Dhikr (knowledge and remembrance);

4) Ikraam al-Muslimeen (honouring the Muslims);

5) al-Ikhlaas (sincerity);

6) al-Khurooj fee sabeel-Allaah (going out in the path of Allaah).

Their manner of propogating their da'wah is as follows:

A group from amongst them is designated to go to a particular area/town/country, whereby each member of the goup takes with them basic means upon which to sleep and other basic items which shall suffice.

When they arrive at their destination, they organise themselves in a manner whereby some of them begin cleaning the place where they shall be resting during their stay in the area; Whilst others amongst them will go out to the market places and the like remembering Allaah and calling the people to listen to their talk (bayaan - as they call it).

When the time for the bayaan arrives, they all gather together to listen to it. And after the bayaan has finished, they request members of the gathering to come out with them in the path of Allaah. And after Salaat al-Fajr, they divide the group of people who are present into groups where a group leader is appointed for each group. Then the group leader undertakes the responsibility of teaching his group members Soorah al-Faatihah and other small Soorah's of the Qur.aan. They continue in this way day in day out.

Before their period of stay is over, they encourage the people of the area to come out with them to spread their da'wah, such that some people volunteer to join them for three days or a week or a month. Each one according to his ability and circumstances, their giving up their time in accordance with the saying of Allaah:

{You are the best of peoples ever raised up for mankind}, [Soorah Aal-'Imraan, Aayah 110].

And the preferred time for going out is a day in a week, and three days in a month and 40 days in a year and 4 months in a lifetime.

- They refuse invitations to attend social functions made by the people of the area they have settled in for their period of da'wah; their intention being not to busy themselves with anything other than issues of da'wah and remembrance, and that their actions are soley for the sake of Allaah.

- They do not interfere in issues of forbidding the evil, believing they are at the stage of establishing an appropriate climate for Islaamic living, and that if they were to involve themselves in such issues, then this would place obstacles in their way and turn the people away from their da'wah.

- They believe that if they correct their individuals (members) one-by-one then the evil will be automatically eradicated from amongst the masses.

- That going out and propogating their da'wah da'wah to the people helps in nurturing the da'ee and cultivating his actions, such that he feels he is an example for others to follow and that he adheres to that which he is calling the people to.

- They believe that blind following a madhhab is obligatory, and they do not permit ijtihaad, believing that the conditions of a mujtahid (one who is qualified to make ijtihaad) are not present amongst the scholars of this time.

- They have been affected by the ways of the Soofiyyah, whose da'wah is widespread in the Indian sub-continent. For example:

- It is imperative for every member of the Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh to have a Shaykh to whom he makes bay'ah (oath of allegiance) to, and whoever was to die whilst not having made bay'ah, then he has died the death of those in pre-Islaam. And often is the case that the bay'ah takes place in a public gathering so as to encourage all present to do likewise and give them all an impression that they are all in this together as one group. And the same is done amongst the women also.

- Excessive love and respect is shown to the Shaykh to whom bay'ah has been given, as is excessive love shown to the Messenger of Allaah (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam), that which often takes them out of the fold of displaying appropriate respect to the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam).

- Their belief that the way of the Soofiyyah is the closest way to taste the sweetness of eemaan in the heart.

- Their being taught the names of the major personalities of the Soofiyyah such as 'Abdul-Qaadir al-Jeelaanee, who was born in Jeelaan in 470 A.H., and also as-Sahrooree, and Abu Mansoor al-Maatureedee who died in 332 A.H., and Jalaal ad-Deen ar-Roomee who was born in 604 A.H., who wrote the book al-Mathnawee.

- They have been affected by the way of the Soofiyyah, in particular the Chishtiyyah, the Qaadiriyyah, the Naqshbandiyyah and the Sahroordiyyah in India.

- There are some members who claim to have adopted the thoughts of the Jamaa'ah an-Noor of Turkey.

- Their da'wah is based upon the arousal of interest and intimidation combined, and thereby causing emotive and affective feelings. They have, thereby managed to enlist in the name of eemaan, many who have immersed themselves into sins and desires, and have directed them to worship and remembrance.

- They do not speak about political issues, and discourage their members from getting involved in these problematic issues, criticising those who do get involved. They say that politics is to leave politics.

- They misinterpret the ahaadeeth pertaining to jihaad, claiming it means to go out and give da'wah, this being to such an extent that their members quite possibly have forgotten about the real meaning of jihaad in the path of Allaah.

- They are very lenient when it comes to narrating weak ahaadeeth.

- Their main points of reference appear to be the Qur.aan and the Sunnah, however, in terms of 'aqeedah, they turn to the understandings of their founding Shaykhs of the Indian sub-continent, and that being the 'aqeedah of the Maatureediyyah upon the Hanafee madhhab.

- In the Arab lands they make a point of referring to Imaam an-Nawawee's Riyaadh as-Saaliheen, whereas in non-Arab lands they refer to the Tableeghee Nisaab (Tablighi Nisab) and Hayaah as-Sahaabah (Hayat Al-Sahabah), and this being full of incorrect information and weak ahaadeeth.

Their da'wah began in India, and then spread to Pakistan and Bangladesh, then later spreading to the rest of the Islaamic world, even in Arabia - such that they now have followers in Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Lebanon, Egypt, Sudan, Iraq and Saudi Arabia.

They also have followers in Europe, America, Asia and Africa.

Their worldwide headquarters is in Nizaamuddeen in Delhi, where they administer their da'wah affairs worldwide. Their headquarters in the western world is in Dewsbury, West Yorkshire, UK.

Further reading
al-Mawsoo'ah al-Harakiyyah - Fat.hee Yakun;
Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh, aqeedatuhaa wa afkaar mashaayikhihaa - Mian Muhammad Aslam al-Pakistaanee (research paper submitted to the Faculty of Sharee'ah at the Islaamic University of Madeenah in 1976 C.E.);
at-Tareeq ilaa Jamaa'ah al-Muslimeen - Husayn ibn Muhsin ibn 'Alee ibn Jaabir;
Mushkilaat ad-Da'wah wad-Daa'iyah - Fat.hee Yakun;
as-SIraaj al-Muneer - Dr. Taqqee ad-Deen al-Hilaalee;
ad-Da'wah al-Islaamiyyah fareedah Shar'iyyah wa daroorah bashariyyah - Dr. Saadiq Ameen;
Haqeeqatud-Da'wah ilaa Allaah Ta'aala wa maa ikhtassat bihi Jazeeratul-'Arab - Sa'd ibn 'Abdur-Rahmaan al-Husayn (introduction by Shaykh Saalih ibn Fowzaan);
Ra.yu aakhar fee Jamaa'ah at-Tableegh - Sa'd al-Husayn.

Indeed in the Messenger of Allâh, you have a good example to follow [033:021]

2010-11-22T00:27:00.000-08:00

Gibbon in 'The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire' 1823

The good sense of Muhammad despised the pomp of royalty. The Apostle of God submitted to the menial offices of the family; he kindled the fire; swept the floor; milked the ewes; and mended with his own hands his shoes and garments. Disdaining the penance and merit of a hermit, he observed without effort of vanity the abstemious diet of an Arab.

Mahatma Gandhi, statement published in 'Young India,'1924.

I wanted to know the best of the life of one who holds today an undisputed sway over the hearts of millions of mankind.... I became more than ever convinced that it was not the sword that won a place for Islam in those days in the scheme of life. It was the rigid simplicity, the utter self-effacement of the Prophet the scrupulous regard for pledges, his intense devotion to his friends and followers, his intrepidity, his fearlessness, his absolute trust in God and in his own mission. These and not the sword carried everything before them and surmounted every obstacle. When I closed the second volume (of the Prophet's biography), I was sorry there was not more for me to read of that great life.

Sir George Bernard Shaw in 'The Genuine Islam,' Vol. 1, No. 8, 1936.

"If any religion had the chance of ruling over England, nay Europe within the next hundred years, it could be Islam."

“I have always held the religion of Muhammad in high estimation because of its wonderful vitality. It is the only religion which appears to me to possess that assimilating capacity to the changing phase of existence which can make itself appeal to every age. I have studied him - the wonderful man and in my opinion for from being an anti-Christ, he must be called the Savior of Humanity."
"I believe that if a man like him were to assume the dictatorship of the modern world he would succeed in solving its problems in a way that would bring it the much needed peace and happiness: I have prophesied about the faith of Muhammad that it would be acceptable to the Europe of tomorrow as it is beginning to be acceptable to the Europe of today.”

Michael Hart in 'The 100, A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons In History,' New York, 1978.

My choice of Muhammad to lead the list of the world’s most influential persons may surprise some readers and may be questioned by others, but he was the only man in history who was supremely successful on both the secular and religious level. ...It is probable that the relative influence of Muhammad on Islam has been larger than the combined influence of Jesus Christ and St. Paul on Christianity. ...It is this unparalleled combination of secular and religious influence which I feel entitles Muhammad to be considered the most influential single figure in human history.

Dr. William Draper in 'History of Intellectual Development of Europe'

Four years after the death of Justinian, A.D. 569, was born in Mecca, in Arabia, the man who, of all men, has exercised the greatest influence upon the human race... To be the religious head of many empires, to guide the daily life of one-third of the human race, may perhaps justify the title of a Messenger of God.

Arthur Glyn Leonard in 'Islam, Her Moral and Spiritual Values'

It was the genius of Muhammad, the spirit that he breathed into the Arabs through the soul of Islam that exalted them. That raised them out of the lethargy and low level of tribal stagnation up to the high watermark of national unity and empire. It was in the sublimity of Muhammad's deism, the simplicity, the sobriety and purity it inculcated the fidelity of its founder to his own tenets, that acted on their moral and intellectual fiber with all the magnetism of true inspiration.

Philip K. Hitti in 'History of the Arabs'

Within a brief span of mortal life, Muhammad called forth of unpromising material, a nation, never welded before; in a country that was hitherto but a geographical expression he established a religion which in vast areas suppressed Christianity and Judaism, and laid the basis of an empire that was soon to embrace within its far flung boundaries the fairest provinces the then civilized world.

K. S. Ramakrishna Rao in 'Mohammed: The Prophet of Islam,' 1989

My problem to write this monograph is easier, because we are not generally fed now on that (distorted) kind of history and much time need not be spent on pointing out our misrepresentations of Islam. The theory of Islam and sword, for instance, is not heard now in any quarter worth the name. The principle of Islam that “there is no compulsion in religion” is well known.

Easy way to learn Arabic & understand the Qur'an in the language it is revealed

2010-11-17T19:02:00.000-08:00

“Verily we have sent it down as an Arabic Qur’ân in order that you may understand” [Soorah Yusuf: 2]

“And thus We have inspired unto you (O Muhammad) an Arabic Qur’ân that you may warn the mother of the towns (Makkah) and all around it” [Soorah ash-Shura: 7]

“And truly this (the Qur’ân) is a revelation from the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists), which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibreel) has brought down upon your heart (O Muhammad) that you may be (one) of the warners, in the plain Arabic language” [Soorah ash-Shura: 192-195]

The Madheena Arabic Books

The Arabic Course for English-Speaking Students is a comprehensive and popular course for the teaching of the Qur’anic and Traditional Arabic, originally devised and taught at the renowned Madinah Islamic University, catering for the non-Arabic speaking students from all over the world. Over the years, this course has enabled students to become competent in their use of the Arabic language and to participate and benefit from scholarly pursuits such as Qur’anic exegeses, hadith, fiqh, sirah, history, and classical and modern Arabic literature. It is concise (consisting of only three books, reasonably short) but extensive in their coverage. It combines modern Arabic vocabulary with Islamic terminology used in the Qur’an and Sunnah. It Helps acquire an understanding of hundreds of Qur’anic verses, ahadith, Arabic parables and poetry." Learning classical Arabic effectively could not be more easier than this course of Madinah Islamic University. A tried and tested course over 40 years with proven track record of success, it is ideal in terms of the the topics covered and short time taken to learn. It is suitable for schools and colleges in the UK and other Western English speaking countries.

Arabic Textbook:
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Book 1 | Book 2 | Book 3
Arabic Solutions:
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Handouts:
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Madina Books - Video Downloads
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Main Website on Institute of the Language of the Qur'an, Toronto Canada

Depression

2010-09-17T19:32:00.000-07:00

Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity. Depressed people may feel sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, helpless, worthless, guilty, irritable or restless. They may lose interest in activities that once were pleasurable, experience loss of appetite or overeating, or problems concentrating, remembering details or making decisions; and may contemplate or attempt suicide. Insomnia, waking early, excessive sleeping, fatigue, loss of energy, or aches, pains or digestive problems that are resistant to treatment may be present.

Physiology
Depression is associated with changes in substances in the brain (neurotransmitters) that help nerve cells communicate, such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. The levels of these neurotransmitters can be influenced by genetics, hormonal changes, responses to medications, aging, brain injuries, seasonal/light cycle changes, and other medical conditions.

Cure
1. Seeking refuge in prayer

Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): “And seek help in patience and al-salaat (the prayer)…” [al-Baqarah 2:45].
Hudhayfah said: “Whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was grieved by something, he used to pray.” When Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) heard about the death of his brother, he stopped at the side of the road – as he was on a journey – and prayed, following the command of Allaah.

Supplication for anxiety and sorrow

2. Understanding the reality of this world
The believer knows that this world is only temporary, that its luxuries are few, and that whatever pleasures exist here are always imperfect. If it causes a little laughter, it gives many reasons to weep; if it gives a little, it withholds far more. The believer is only detained here, as the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said

“This world is the prison of the believer and the paradise of the kaafir.”

3. Making the Hereafter one’s main concern
The concerns of this world overwhelm and confuse people, but if the slave makes the Hereafter his main concern, Allaah will help him to focus and be determined, as was narrated by Anas (may Allaah be pleased with him):

“The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: ‘Whoever has the Hereafter as his main concern, Allaah will fill his heart with a feeling of richness and independence; he will be focused and feel content, and this world will come to him in spite of it. Whoever has this world as his main concern, Allaah will cause him to feel constant fear of poverty; he will be distracted and unfocused, and he will have nothing of this world except what was already predestined for him.’”

4. Relying upon Allaah and entrusting matters to Him

When a person relies upon Allaah and puts his trust in Him, he is not controlled by bad illusions. He trusts in Allaah and hopes for bounty from Him, which protects him from distress and worry, as well as many psychological and physical diseases. Thus his heart gains indescribable strength, relaxation and joy. The one who is truly free from problems is the one whom Allaah has freed and helped to strive against his/her own-self (jihaad al-nafs) by seeking beneficial means of strengthening his heart and dispelling anxiety. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“… And whosoever puts his trust in Allaah, then He will suffice him…”[al-Talaaq 65:3]

i.e., He will take care of everything that is of concern to him, whether it has to do with his religion or his worldly affairs.

5. Constantly anticipating and being prepared for all possibilities
If a person is prepared for the possibility of the loss of a loved one, the sickness of a relative, incurring a debt, being overpowered by an enemy, or any other unpleasant possibility that has not yet happened – whilst seeking refuge with Allaah and hoping to be safe from it – then if his fears materialize, their impact will not be so great because he has already anticipated them and prepared himself to deal with them.

One important point that we should make is the fact that many ambitious people are prepared to deal with major calamities in a calm and patient manner, but they are unduly worried and stressed by trivial problems. The reason for this is that they prepare themselves to face major problems, but forget to prepare themselves to cope with minor troubles, which consequently cause them harm. The prudent person prepares himself to deal with both major and minor problems, and asks Allaah to help him and not leave him to deal with it by himself for even the blink of an eye. Thus both major and minor troubles become easier to bear, and he remains calm and serene.

6. The person who is distressed or worried should know that after hardship comes ease
So he should think positively and realize that Allaah will make a way out for him. The more intense his stress and depression is, the closer he is to relief and a way out.
Allaah says in Soorat al-Sharh (interpretation of the meaning):

“So verily, with the hardship, there is relief, verily, with the hardship, there is relief.” [al-Sharh 94:5-6].
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) advised Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him and his father): “Know that victory (or achievement) comes through patience, and that ease comes through hardship…”

Reference

Dealing with Worries and Stress; English Translation; Book by Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hisnul Muslim

See Also

Fortress of the Muslim (Hisnul-Muslim)

Dealing with Worries and Stress

DEATH IS BETTER THAN ALLAH'S PUNISHMENT

2010-09-15T02:49:00.001-07:00

A very rich businessman was once relaxing in his home when he heard someone knock on his door. When he opened the door, there standing before him was the most beautiful girl he had ever seen in his entire life. He yearned for her and invited her to come inside. But it was not to fulfill his desires that she came; rather, she came because she was extremely poor and was forced to go around begging for money. He ignored her plea for help and instead insisted that she come inside. She answered him in a clear and dignified tone, "Death is better than disobeying my Lord."

She left but then returned after a number of days. Her situation had become more desperate and again she asked him to help her. The businessman answered her as he did the first time.

With tears flowing down her cheeks, the girl entered his house. Again she pleaded, "Please! Feed me for the Countenance of Allah!"

"Not unless you allow me to satisfy my desires with you," said the man, both coldly and hungrily.

"Death is better than the punishment of Allah," proclaimed the girl.

As she was leaving, her sincere words echoed in the mind of the businessman, and after a long life of sinning, sincere tears of remorse flowed from his eyes for the very first time. He repented to Allah and then fed the girl. He later married her and they enjoyed a happy marriage together.

[So, in the end, he got what he wanted, except that he got it in a lawful manner. And that is what made all the difference].

How much the Salaf read Qur'an during Ramadan

2010-08-24T00:53:00.000-07:00

It was the practice of the salaf (may Allaah be pleased with them) to strive to complete the Qur’aan in Ramadaan, following the example of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).

It was narrated that Ibraaheem al-Nakha’i said: al-Aswad used to complete the Qur’aan in Ramadaan every two nights. Al-Siyar (4/51).

Qataadah used to complete the Qur’aan in seven days, and when Ramadaan came, he would complete it every three days. When the last ten days came, he would complete it every night. Al-Siyar (5/276).

It was narrated from Mujaahid that he used to complete the Qur’aan every night in Ramadaan. Al-Tibyaan by al-Nawawi (p. 74). He said: Its isnaad is saheeh.

It was narrated that Mujaahid said: ‘Ali al-Azdi used to complete the Qur’aan every night in Ramadaan. Tahdheeb al-Kamaal (2/983).

Al-Rabee’ ibn Sulaymaan said: al-Shaafa’i used to complete the Qur’aan sixty times in Ramadaan. Al-Siyar (10/36). [One completion during the day, one completion during the night.]

Al-Qaasim ibn al-Haafiz ibn ‘Asaakir said: My father used to pray in congregation and read Qur’aan regularly. He would complete it every week, and every day in Ramadaan. Al-Siyar (20/562).

http://ahlalhdeeth.com/vbe/showpost.php?p=37346&postcount=5

New Solar Energy Conversion Process Could Compete With Oil As An Energy Source

2010-08-03T19:15:00.000-07:00

Stanford engineers have figured out how to simultaneously use the light and heat of the sun to generate electricity in a way that could make solar power production more than twice as efficient as existing methods and potentially cheap enough to compete with oil.

Unlike photovoltaic technology currently used in solar panels -- which becomes less efficient as the temperature rises -- the new process excels at higher temperatures.

Called "photon enhanced thermionic emission," or PETE, the process promises to surpass the efficiency of existing photovoltaic and thermal conversion technologies.

"This is really a conceptual breakthrough, a new energy conversion process, not just a new material or a slightly different tweak," said Nick Melosh, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering, who led the research group. "It is actually something fundamentally different about how you can harvest energy."

And the materials needed to build a device to make the process work are cheap and easily available, meaning the power that comes from it will be affordable.

Melosh is senior author of a paper describing the tests the researchers conducted. It was published this week in Nature Materials.

"Just demonstrating that the process worked was a big deal," Melosh said. "And we showed this physical mechanism does exist, it works as advertised."

Most photovoltaic cells, such as those used in rooftop solar panels, use the semiconducting material silicon to convert the energy from photons of light to electricity. But the cells can only use a portion of the light spectrum, with the rest just generating heat.

This heat from unused sunlight and inefficiencies in the cells themselves account for a loss of more than 50 percent of the initial solar energy reaching the cell.

If this wasted heat energy could somehow be harvested, solar cells could be much more efficient. The problem has been that high temperatures are necessary to power heat-based conversion systems, yet solar cell efficiency rapidly decreases at higher temperatures.

Until now, no one had come up with a way to wed thermal and solar cell conversion technologies.

Melosh's group figured out that by coating a piece of semiconducting material with a thin layer of the metal cesium, it made the material able to use both light and heat to generate electricity.

"What we've demonstrated is a new physical process that is not based on standard photovoltaic mechanisms, but can give you a photovoltaic-like response at very high temperatures," Melosh said. "In fact, it works better at higher temperatures. The higher the better."

While most silicon solar cells have been rendered inert by the time the temperature reaches 100 degrees Celsius, the PETE device doesn't hit peak efficiency until it is well over 200 degrees C.

Because PETE performs best at temperatures well in excess of what a rooftop solar panel would reach, the devices will work best in solar concentrators such as parabolic dishes, which can get as hot as 800 degrees C. Dishes are used in large solar farms similar to those proposed for the Mojave Desert in Southern California and usually include a thermal conversion mechanism as part of their design, which offers another opportunity for PETE to help generate electricity, as well as minimizing costs by meshing with existing technology.

"The light would come in and hit our PETE device first, where we would take advantage of both the incident light and the heat that it produces, and then we would dump the waste heat to their existing thermal conversion systems," Melosh said. "So the PETE process has two really big benefits in energy production over normal technology."

Photovoltaic systems never get hot enough for their waste heat to be useful in thermal energy conversion, but the high temperatures at which PETE performs are perfect for generating usable high temperature waste heat. Melosh calculates the PETE process can get to 50 percent efficiency or more under solar concentration, but if combined with a thermal conversion cycle, could reach 55 or even 60 percent -- almost triple the efficiency of existing systems.

The team would like to design the devices so they could be easily bolted on to existing systems, making conversion relatively inexpensive.

The researchers used a gallium nitride semiconductor in the "proof of concept" tests. The efficiency they achieved in their testing was well below what they have calculated PETE's potential efficiency to be, which they had anticipated. But they used gallium nitride because it was the only material that had shown indications of being able to withstand the high temperature range they were interested in and still have the PETE process occur.

With the right material -- most likely a semiconductor such as gallium arsenide, which is used in a host of common household electronics -- the actual efficiency of the process could reach up to the 50 or 60 percent the researchers have calculated. They are already exploring other materials that might work.

Another advantage of the PETE system is that by using it in solar concentrators, the amount of semiconductor material needed for a device is quite small.

"For each device, we are figuring something like a six-inch wafer of actual material is all that is needed," Melosh said. "So the material cost in this is not really an issue for us, unlike the way it is for large solar panels of silicon."

The cost of materials has been one of the limiting factors in the development of the solar power industry, so reducing the amount of investment capital needed to build a solar farm is a big advance.

"The PETE process could really give the feasibility of solar power a big boost," Melosh said. "Even if we don't achieve perfect efficiency, let's say we give a 10 percent boost to the efficiency of solar conversion, going from 20 percent efficiency to 30 percent, that is still a 50 percent increase overall."

And that is still a big enough increase that it could make solar energy competitive with oil.

The research was largely funded by the Global Climate and Energy Project at Stanford and the Stanford Institute for Materials Energy Systems, which is a joint venture of Stanford and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, with additional support from the Department of Energy and DARPA.

ވޮލެންޓިއަރުންނާމެދު ސަމާލުވެލައްވާ

2010-07-29T05:19:00.000-07:00

ހިލޭސާބަހަށް މަސައްކަތް ކުރުން ނުވަތަ ވޮލެންޓިއަރ ކުރުމަކީ ވަކި ފަރުދުން ނުވަތަ ޖަމާއަތަކުން މުޖުތަމަޢުގެ ހައްގުގައި އެއްވެސް އަގަކާއި ނުލައި ޚިދުމަތް ކޮށްދިނުމެވެ. ދީލަތި ކަމާއި އެކު މުޖުތަމަޢުގެ ހާލަތު ރަނގަޅު ކުރުމަށެވެ. އަމިއްލަ އެދުމަކާއި ނުލައެވެ. ނަމަވެސް ބައެއްފަހަރު އެމީހުންގެ އަމިއްލަ ހުނަރުތައް އިތުރުކޮށް، އެހުނަރުތަށް ތަރައްޤީކުރުމާއި، ތަފާތު މުޖުތަމަޢު ތަކުގައި މަސަޢްކަތްކުރުމުން ލިބޭ ހިތަހަމަޖެހުމާއި އުފާ ލިބިގަތުން އަދި މިނޫންވެސް އެތަށް މަޤުޞަދެއްގައި ހިލޭސާބަހަށް މަސްއްކަތްކުރާމީހުން ހަރަކާތްތެރި ވެއެވެ. ޞިއްޙީ ދާއިރާ، ތަޢުލީމީ ދާއިރާ، ކުއްލިހާލަތް ތަކުގައި އެހީވެދިނުން އަދި މިނޫންވެސް އެތަށް ދާއިރާއިކުން މިބައިމީހުން އާއްމު ގޮތެއްގައި އެހީތެރިކަން ފޯރުވައިދެއެވެ.
އާއެކެވެ. މިހާރު އަޅުގަނޑުމެންގެ މި ކުޑަކުޑަ މުޖުތަމަޢަށްވެސް މިވަނީ ހިލޭސާބަހަށް މަސައްކަތްކުރާ މީހުންގެ” ދީލަތި” އެހީތެރިކަން ފޯރުކޮށްދޭން ފަށާފައެވެ. އާއްމުކޮށް ހުރިހާ ދާއިރާއަކުންނެވެ. ހާއްސަކޮށް ތަޢުލީމީ ނިޒާމުގެ ތެރެއިންނެވެ. މުޖުތަމައެއް ބައްޓަންކުރުމަށާއި ހެޔޮ ޖީލެއް ބިނާކުރުމުގައި އެންމެ އިސް ދައުރެއް އަދާކުރާނީ އެތަނެއްގެ ތަޢުލީމީ ނިޒާމުކަމީ އެވެސް ޝައްކެއް އޮތްކަމެއް ނޫނެވެ. އެހެންކަމުން މުޖުތަމަޢުގެ ހާލަތު ރަނގަޅު ކުރުމަށް ބަޔަކު އެހީތެރިކަމެއް ވަނީކަމުގައި ވާނަމަ އެންމެ އިސްކަމެއް ދޭން ޖެހޭނީ އެތަނެއްގެ ތަޢުލީމީ ނިޒާމް އިސްލާހުކުރުމަށެވެ. ވީމާ އަޅުގަނޑުމެންގެ ތަޢުލީމީ ދާއިރާއަށް ބޭރުގެ ހިލޭސާބަހަށް މަސައްކަތްކުރާ މީހުން ވައްދާއިރު ލިބޭނެ ފައިދާއެއްގެ އިތުރުން ކޮށްފާނެ ނޭދެވޭ އަސަރުތަކަށްވެސް ވިސްނަން ވާނެއެވެ.
ވޮލެންޓިއަރުންގެ ގޮތުގައި ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގައި މަސައްކަތްކުރާ ގިނަ މީހުންނަކީ ކްރިސްޓިއަނުންނެވެ. ތިހީވަނީ މުޅިން ރަނގަޅަށެވެ. އަޅުގަނޑު މިހާރު ދައްކަން މި އުޅެނީ ކްރިސްޓިއަން މިޝަނަރީގެ ވާހަކައެވެ. ކްރިސްޓިއަން މިޝަނަރީއަކީ އިއްޔެއްކު މިއަދަކު ފެށުނު ކަމެއް ނޫނެވެ. އެމީހުން ގަބޫލުކުރާގޮތުގައި އީސާ އަލައިހިއް ސަލާމް އެބައިމީހުންނަށް ވަނީ މުޅިދުނިޔޭގައި ކްރިސްޓިއަން ދީން ފެތުރުމަށް އަމުރުކުރެއްވިފައެވެ. އަޅަގަނޑަށް ހީވާގޮތުން ތީގެތެރެއިން ގިނަބޭކަލުންނަކީ އިނގިރޭސި ލިޔަން ކިޔަން ދަންނަ ބޭކަލުންނެވެ. އެހެންކަމުން ބައިބަލްގައި ވާގޮތަށް ނަކަލުކޮށްލާނަމެވެ.
“Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age" (Matthew 28:19-20).
ކްރިސްޓިއަން މިޝަނަރީތައް ހިންގަނީ ދުނިޔޭގެ އެކި ކަންކޮޅުތަކަށް އެމީހުންގެ މަންދޫބުން ފޮނުވައިގެންނެވެ. ވަކި ވަކި ފަރުދުންގެ ގޮތުގަޔާއި ޖަމާއްތަތަކުގެ ގޮތުގައެވެ. މިބައިމީހުންނަށް ކިޔާ އުޅެނީ “މިޝަނަރީސް” އެވެ. އާއްމު ގޮތެއްގައި އެމީހުން ދީން ފަތުރަނީ ފުރަތަމަ ގޮސް ދީނީ ދަރުސްތަކެއް ދީގެނެއް ނޫނެވެ. ނަމަވެސް އިންސާނީ ޚިދުމަތްތަކުގެ ތެރެއިނަނެވެ. ހާއްސަކޮށް ފަޤީރުންނަށް އެހީވެދިނުމުގެ ތެރެއިންނެވެ. މިބައިމީހުން އިޤްތިޞާދީ ހަލަބޮލިކަމުން އެގައުމެއް ސަލާމަތްވުމަށް އެހީތެރިވެދެއެވެ. ލިޔަންކިޔަން ނޭނގުން ނައްތާލާ، ތަޢުލީމީ ހާލަތު ރަނގަޅުކުރުމަށް އެހީތެރިވެދީ، ޞިއްޙީ ހިދުމަތްތަށް ފޯރުކޮށްދިނުމަށް އެހީތެރިވެދީ، ޔަތީމުހާނާތަށް ބަލަހައްޓާ އަދި މިނޫންވެސް އެތަށް ކަމަކުން އެޤައުމެއްގެ ރައްޔިތުންގެ ހިތްތަށް މަޑުމަޑުން ދަމައިގަނެއެވެ. އަދި އެއަށްފަހު އެމީހުންގެ އަސްލު މަގުސަދު ހާސިލް ކުރެއެވެ.
ދެން އަޅުގަނޑުމެންގެ މި ކުޑަ ދިވެހިރާއްޖެއަށް ބަލާލަމާތޯއެވެ. 1998ވަނަ އަހަރު އޭރުގެ ސަރުކާރުން ވަނީ ކްރިސްޓިއަން މިޝަނަރީސް ކަމަށް ޝައްކުކުރެވޭ އެތަށް ބޭރުމީހުންތަކެއް ދިވެހިރާއްޖެއިން ބޭރުކޮށްލާފައެވެ. އަދި އެކަމާ ގުޅުންހުރިކަމަށް ބެލެވޭ ދިވެހިންތަކެއްވެސް ވަނީ ހައްޔަރުކޮށްފައެވެ. 29 ނޮވެމްބަރ 2008 ގައި އިސްލާމިކް އެފެއާޒް މިނިސްޓަރީއިން ވަނީ ދިވެހިރާއްގޭގައި ކްރިސްޓިއަން ދީން ފެތުރުމަށް ހަދައިފައިވާ އިނގިރޭސި އަދި ދިވެހި ވެބްސައިޓްތަށް ބްލޮކް ކުރާނެކަމަށް އިޢުލާންކޮށް އެކަންތަށް ޢަމަލީގޮތުން ފަށާފައެވެ. ނަމަވެސް މިޝަނަރީސްގެ މަސައްކަތް ދިޔައީ ކުރިއަށެވެ. 27 އޮކްޓޯބަރ 2009 ވީ އަންގާރަ ދުވަހު ކަމާބެހޭ ފަރާތްތަކުން ވަނީ ދިވެހިބަހުންވާ ކްރިސްޓިއަން ދީނުގެ 6ވީޑިއޯ ސީޑީ އާއި 17ލީފްލެޓާއި، 6ފޮތް އަދި 1 ބައިބަލް އާއި އެކު އަތުލައިގަތް ދެކުނުއެފްރިކާގެ ރައްޔިތެއް ކިމުގައިވާ ރޮބަރޓް ވިލިއަމް ޑީޕޯރޓް ކޮށްލާފައެވެ. ސުނާމީގައި ހާލުގައި ޖެހުނު ބައެއް ދިވެހީންނަށް އެހީތެރިވެދޭން އައި ވޮލެންޓިއަރުން ބައިބަލްގެ ދިވެހި ތަރުޖަމާ ބެހިކަމީ އަދި އަޅުގަނޑުމެން ހަނދާން ނެތޭނެހައި ދުރު ހަނދާނެއް ނޫނެވެ. 15 އޭޕްރީލް 2010 ވީ ބުރާސްފަތިދުވަހު ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގައި ކްރިސްޓިއަން މިޝަނަރީސްގެ ފޮތްތަކެއް ބަހަން އުޅުނު ދެކުނުކޮރެޔާގެ 4 ރައްޔިތަކުވެސް ވަނީ ހައްޔަރު ކޮށްފައެވެ. މިހެންގޮސް ކިތަންމެ ކަންތައް ތަކެކެވެ.
ޔަހޫދީންނާއި ނަޞާރާއިންނަކީ އަހަރުމެންނަށް ހެވެއް ލާބައެއް އެދިގެން އުޅޭބައެއް ނޫންކަން ޤުރުއާނާއި ސުންނަތުންވެސް ސާބިތުވެއެވެ. الله سبحانه وتعالى ކީރިތި ޤުރުއާނުގައި ވަޙީީ ކުރައްވައި އަންގަވާފައި ވެއެވެ:

"وَلَنْ تَرْضَى عَنْكَ الْيَهُودُ وَلا النَّصَارَى حَتَّى تَتَّبِعَ مِلَّتَهُمْ قُلْ إِنَّ هُدَى اللَّهِ هُوَ الْهُدَى وَلَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتَ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ بَعْدَ الَّذِي جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ مَا لَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلا نَصِيرٍ" (البقرة:120)

މިއާޔަތުގެ މާނައަކީ: "އަދި ހަމަކަށަވަރުން ޔަހޫދީންނާއި ނަޞާރާއިންވެސް، އެއުރެންގެ މިއްލަތަށް (އެބަހީ އެއުރެންގެ ދީނަށް) ކަލޭގެފާނު ތަބާވެއްޖައުމަށް ދާންދެން ދުވަހަކުވެސް ކަލޭގެފާނަކަށް ނުރުހޭނެތެވެ. ކަލޭގެފާނު ވިދާޅުވާށެވެ. ހަމަކަށަވަރުން ތެދުމަގަކީ ހަމައެކަނި الله سبحانه وتعالىގެ މަގެވެ. އަދި ކަލޭގެފާނަށް الله تعالىގެ ކިބައިން ޢިލްމު އައުމަށްފަހު އެއުރެންގެ ހަވާ ނަފްސުގެ ހެއްލުންތަކަށް ތަބާވެއްޖެނަމަ، الله تعالىގެ ޙަޟްރަތުން ކަލޭގެފާނަށް އެއްވެސް އެހީތެރިއަކު އަދި ނަޞްރުދޭނޭ މީހަކުވެސް ނުވެއެވެ." (ސޫރަތުލް ބަޤަރާ:120).

أبو سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه ރަސޫލު الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ކިބައިން ޙަދީޘްފުޅު ކުރައްވާފައިވެެއެވެ. "قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ لَتَتَّبِعُنَّ سَنَنَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ شِبْرًا بِشِبْرٍ وَذِرَاعًا بِذِرَاعٍ حَتَّى لَوْ دَخَلُوا فِي جُحْرِ ضَبٍّ لاَتَّبَعْتُمُوهُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ آلْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى قَالَ ‏"‏ فَمَنْ ؟!" (رواه البخاري 8/151 . ومسلم 4/2054)

މާނަ: "ހަމަކަށަވަރުން ތިޔަބައިމީހުން، ތިޔަބައިމީހުންގެ ކުރިން އައިމީހުންގެ ގޮތްތަކަށް ތަބާވާނެއެވެ. މުށަކަށްފަހު މުށެކެވެ. ކައިވަތަކަށްފަހު ކައިވަތެކެވެ. އެބައިމީހުން ضبّއެއްގެ (ސަހަރާތެރޭ އުޅޭ ބޮނޑެއްގެ) ހޮރަށް ވަންކަމުގައި ވިޔަސް ތިޔަބައިމީހުން އެމީހުންގެ ފަހަތުން ގޮސް އެހޮރަށް ވަންނާނެއެވެ. އެހިނދު ތިމަންބޭކަލުން ދެންނެވީމެއެވެ. އޭ اللهގެ ރަސޫލާއެވެ. އެއީ ޔަހޫދީންނާއި ނަޞާރާއިން ހެއްޔެވެ؟ އެކަލޭގެފާނު ޙަދީޘްފުޅު ކުރެއްވެވިއެވެ. "ފަހެ އެނޫން ދެން ކޮންބައެއް ހެއްޔެވެ؟". (ބުޚާރީީ: 8/151، މުސްލިމް 4/2054)
އެހެންކަމުން ނިންމާލުމުގެ ކުރިންވެސް ބުނެލަން އޮތީ ވޮލެންޓިއަރުންނާއިމެދު ސަމާލުވެލައްވާށެވެ. އެމީހުންގެ ތެރެއިން ބަޔަކު ހެޔޮނިޔަތުގައި މަސައްކަތް ކުރިކަމުގައި ވިޔަސް ގިނަބައެއްގެ ފަހަތުގައި ފޮރުވިފައިވާ މިޝަންއެއް ވާނެއެވެ. އެމީހުން އަޅުގަނޑުމެންގެ ޅަދަރީންގެ ސިކުނޑިތަކާއި އަދި ހިތްތަކާ ކުޅެމުން ދާއިރު ވަގުތު ފާއިތުވުމުގެކުރިން މިކަމާ ވިސްނާށެވެ.

= ނިމުނީ =

Trials of Cell Phone Microscope to Begin in Africa

2010-07-15T18:35:00.001-07:00

A functioning prototype of a cell phone microscope has been developed.

The telemedicine microscope captures an image with a lensless system. This means that the microscope can be miniaturized (it weighs approximately 43 g) to the point where it fits on most cell phones, while remaining inexpensive enough for widespread use in developing countries, costing only about US$10 each.

Images are captured through a process called diffraction, or shadow-based, imaging. An ordinary light-emitting diode (LED) from the top illuminates the sample, and the detector array already installed in cell phone cameras captures the image, recording the patterns created by the shadows resulting from the LED light scattering off the cells in the sample. Because cells are semi-transparent, enough information is obtained from this type of imaging to detect subcellular elements, and to produce holographic images. By using an inexpensive LED light instead of the laser as typically required for holographic imaging, the size and cost are further reduced.

The cell phone microscope is easy to use and versatile. Samples (blood smears or saliva) are loaded into single-use chips that easily slide into the side of the microscope. Because the microscope uses the entire detector array to capture an image and has a relatively large aperture, it has a wide imaging field-of-view. Samples do not need to be precisely aligned for images to be captured, and the chance of debris clogging the light source is lessened.

"Cell phones present a tremendous opportunity in Global healthcare," remarked Aydogan Ozcan, assistant professor of electrical engineering at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science (Los Angeles, CA, USA) and investigator at UCLA's California NanoSystems Institute, "We can leverage the fact that 80 % of the world's population lives in areas covered by cell phone networks to bridge the gaps left by a lack of health care infrastructure in developing countries."

The lensless imaging platform behind the cell phone microscope will be tested in real world trials. It received awards from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, National Geographic, and the [U.S.] National Science Foundation (NSF).

The cover article of the July 2010 edition of the journal Lab on a Chip features the latest creation by the Prof. Ozcan's group.

Is it permissible to put the sperm of the husband and the egg from the wife in the womb of the second wife?

2010-07-14T09:55:00.000-07:00

“Ahmad” has two wives, the first one cannot have children and the second one can have children, praise be to Allaah. In the modern scientific age doctors can, by the grace of Allaah, put an egg from the second wife with the husband’s sperm (test-tube baby) and mix them and let them start to grow, then place (the fertilized egg) in the womb of the wife who cannot have children, so that the child can grow until he is born. Is this permissible in the light of the Qur’aan and Sunnah? Some people say that it permissible by analogy with breastfeeding, i.e., just as it is permissible to nourish a child with her milk in her lap, it should also be permissible for her to nourish him with her blood in her womb.

Praise be to Allaah.

This method of fertilization, which involves placing the egg with the husband’s sperm in the womb of the other wife, is a method that is not acceptable according to sharee’ah, and a large number of scholars are of the view that it is haraam. Statements were issued concerning it by the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) and by the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World League. Those who initially said that this method was permissible later retracted their view. There follows some of what was said in those statements.

1 – Statement of the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC).

The meeting of the Islamic Fiqh Council held on 8 – 13 Safar 1407 AH (11–16 October 1986).

After examining the subject of artificial fertilization –“test-tube babies” – by studying the research presented and listening to comments of experts and doctors, and after discussion, the Council reached the following conclusions:

The methods of artificial fertilization that are known nowadays are seven:

i. Where fertilization occurs between the sperm taken from the husband and an egg taken from a woman who is not his wife, then the embryo is implanted in his wife’s uterus.

ii. Where fertilization occurs between the sperm of a man other than the husband and the wife’s egg, then the embryo is implanted in the wife’s uterus.

iii. Where fertilization occurs between the sperm and egg of the couple, and the embryo is implanted in the uterus of a woman who volunteers to carry it (surrogate motherhood).

iv. Where fertilization occurs outside the womb between the sperm and egg of strangers, then the embryo is implanted in the wife’s uterus.

v. Where fertilization occurs outside the womb between the sperm and egg of the couple, then the embryo is implanted in the uterus of the other wife.

vi. Where sperm is taken from the husband and an egg is taken from the wife, and fertilization occurs outside the womb, then the embryo is implanted in the wife’s uterus.

vii. Where sperm is taken from the husband and placed in the wife’s vagina or uterus so that fertilization may take place inside her body.

It was determined that the first five methods are all haraam according to sharee’ah and are forbidden completely in and of themselves, or because of the results to which they will lead, such as mixing of lineages, loss of motherhood and other things that are forbidden according to sharee’ah.

With regard to the sixth and seventh methods, the committee thinks that there is nothing wrong with resorting to them in cases of need, after emphasizing that it is essential to take all necessary precautions. End quote.

Majallat al-Majma’ (3/1/423).

2 –Statement issued by the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World League:

Praise be to Allaah and blessings and peace be upon our Master and Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.

The Islamic Fiqh Council, in its eighth session held at the headquarters of the Muslim World League in Makkah al-Mukarramah, from Saturday 18 Rabee’ al-Aakhir until Monday 7 Jumaada al-Oola 1405 AH (19-28 January 1985), examined the remarks submitted by some of its members concerning what the Council had declared permissible … with regard to artificial fertilization and test-tube babies, which was issued in its seventh session, held between 11-16 Rabee’ al-Aakhir 1404 AH, where it says:

“The seventh method, in which the sperm and egg are taken from the couple and, after fertilization in a laboratory vessel, the embryo is implanted in the womb of another wife of the same man, as she volunteers to carry this pregnancy of behalf of her co-wife whose womb has been removed – it seems to the committee that this is permissible in cases of need and subject to the general conditions mentioned previously.”

The remarks may be summed up as follows:

The other wife in whose womb the embryo from the egg of the first wife is implanted may become pregnant with a second child before the embryo becomes established in her womb, as the result of relations with her husband around the time of the implanting of the embryo, then she may give birth to twins and it may not be known which child resulted from the (implanted) embryo and which resulted from relations with the husband, and it may not be known which wife is the mother of the child who resulted from the (implanted) embryo and which is the mother of the child who resulted from relations with the husband. Similarly, one of the two embryos may die at the ‘alaqah or mudghah stage but not be expelled from the uterus until the other child is born, and it may also not be known whether he is the child that resulted from the (implanted) embryo or from relations with the husband. This means that there is confusion as to who the real mother is and there is mixing of lineages which affects a number of rulings. All of this means that the Council must retract their rulings in the case mentioned.

The Council has also listened to the opinions presented by doctors and obstetricians who attended the meeting and who pointed to the possibility of the other pregnancy being miscarried as the result of marital relations with the woman who is carrying the embryo, and confusion of lineages as mentioned above.

After a discussion of the matter and an exchange of opinions, the Council decided to retract the view that the third type mentioned is permissible, and in the seventh session, 1404 AH.

Qaraaraat al-Majma’ al-Fiqhi (pp. 159-161).

Based on that:

It is not permissible to take the husband’s sperm and the wife’s egg and put the mixture in the womb of another wife of the husband.

And Allaah knows best.

source: Islam Question and Answer

Molecular Biology Technique Detects the 2009 H1N1 Virus

2010-07-09T17:50:00.000-07:00

A new polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic test can detect human infections with 2009 H1N1 virus with sensitivity and specificity greater than 96% for upper respiratory specimens.

The test is used to isolate and amplify viral genetic material present in secretions taken from a patient's upper or lower respiratory tract. Upper respiratory specimens are easily obtainable in a doctor's office, and lower respiratory specimens are typically obtained from severely ill patients in a hospital setting.

Amplified viral genetic material generates a fluorescent signal, which is then detected and analyzed by a diagnostic instrument called the Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast DX Realtime PCR Instrument. The test panel and diagnostic system can provide results within four hours, and multiple samples can be tested at the same time.

The new test was developed by the [U.S.] Centers for Control and Prevention of Disease (CDC; Atlanta, GA, USA). It is called the "CDC Influenza 2009 A (H1N1) pdm Real-Time RT-PCR Panel (IVD)," and it will help ensure the accuracy of influenza testing results among the different qualified laboratories that conduct influenza subtype testing in the United States and abroad. The test was authorized for use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

The test will replace the previous real-time RT-PCR diagnostic test used during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, called the "Swine Influenza Virus Real-time RT-PCR Detection Panel (rRT-PCR Swine Flu Panel)," which received an emergency use authorization by the U.S. Food and Health Administration (FDA; Silver Spring, MD, USA) in April 2009.

The earlier test was developed based on the limited number of 2009 H1N1 specimens available at the start of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in April 2009. The new test has been optimized using the vast amount of 2009 H1N1 genetic information CDC received throughout the pandemic.

Negligence in the Matter of Salah is Kufr (Infidelity)

2010-06-15T05:16:00.000-07:00

The prophet (S.A.W) said:

"The covenant which is between us and them (i-e the disbelievers) is Salah, and whoever abandoned it has disbelieved" [1]

And he (S.A.W) said:

"Between a man and disbelief and Shirk is forsaking Salah" [2]

One day companions of prophet (S.A.W) mentioned Salah to his Companions, saying:

"Whoever guards it strictly will have light, evidence (of his faith) and deliverance on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever does not guard it strictly will have neither light, nor evidence (of his faith) nor deliverance; and he will be gathered on the Day of Resurrection with Pharaoh, Haman, Qaroon and Ubayy bin Khalf" [3]

Some of the scholars said in explanation of this Hadith that whoever neglects Salah will be, on the Day of Resurrection with these disbelievers, for if he neglects them out of pride because he is king or leader, then he resembles Pharaoh. And if he neglects then put of pride of holding a powerful position, then he will be resembles Haman, the Minister of Pharaoh and so he will be gathered with him on the Day of Resurrection and taken to the Hell-Fire. Whoever neglects them because he is distracted by his wealth or desires, then he resembles Qaroon, whom Allah caused the earth to swallow up, and he will also be gathered with him and taken to the Hell-Fire. Whoever neglects because he is distracted by his business and other kinds if dealings, then he resembles Ubayy bin Khalaf, the Makkan trader, and he will be gathered and taken with him to the Fire on the Day of Judgement. We ask Allah to save us from being in their situation.

[1] Tirmidhi, Faith, what is said about abandoning the prayer, Hadith 2621
[2] Muslim, Faith, Chapter: Generalising in the name of disbeliever over whosoever abandons Salah, Hadith: 82
[3] Musnad Ahmed: 6576, V: 2/169

"No! One at a time! One at a time!"

2010-06-14T00:52:00.000-07:00

Shaikh Muhammad al-Arifi’ says;

He (a poor man) went on making tawaaf around the Ka'aba saying "Oh Allah forgive us and tajaawaz anna (??)" And so the poor man was supplicating. [Eventually] He became very hot and had a heat stroke and collapsed on the ground.

So they (people) picked him up and took him to the Ajyaad Hospital, opposite the Haram. They put him in the hospital - cool was the place with a white bed and bed cover and cool moist air was blown onto him.

After 4-5 hours, he awoke. Upon waking up, he turned right and left only to find the room all white. He looked to the bed cover, mattress and bed only to find that they [too] where white. The poor man smelt the smell [in the room] - and of course it was the smell of dettol - but it was better than his smell, and the smell pleased him.
So he assumed that he was in Jannah! (Paradise) [To which] he exclaimed: "Allahu Akbar! Ash-hadu anna wa'ad Allahi hakun! Al JANNAH! Al Jannah! (Allah is the greatest! I bear witness that Allah's promise is true! Al Jannah! Al Jannah!")"

He then turned to his right and found 5 Filippino nurses [standing there]. When he saw them wearing all white, he said: "Allahu Akbar! Al hoor al ayn! Al hoor al ayn! Al hoor al ayn!" [the women of Paradise]

The nurses didn't understand what this man was saying. So they assumed that he was crazy. [This man then] tried to get out of his bed, he took the bed cover [off him] and threw it down, to get to the "Hoor Al Ayn"
The nurses rushed towards him to hold him. So he told them, "No, one by one, one by one!" So the poor man thought he was [in Jannah/Paradise] with the Hoor Al Ayn!

See Sheikh Mohammad Al Arifi narrating the Event in Arabic;

Stool DNA Testing Could Play Expanded Role in Colon Cancer Prevention

2010-06-12T17:32:00.000-07:00

Research teams have demonstrated for the first time that two types of colorectal precancers can be detected through noninvasive stool DNA testing. The two studies being presented demonstrate that stool DNA testing may be useful for detection of premalignant dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and of a significant type of colorectal precancer called serrated polyps.

David Ahlquist, M.D., a gastroenterologist with Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA) and the senior investigator, reported that sensitive stool DNA test techniques developed at Mayo Clinic could detect common forerunners of colorectal cancer. “Detection of precursor lesions during screening is essential if cancer prevention is the goal,” Dr. Ahlquist stated.

Compared to widely used fecal blood tests, stool DNA testing has higher detection rates for curable stage colorectal cancer and for common precancerous polyps (called adenomas).

The first study, presented on May 3, 2010, at Digestive Disease Week, the annual meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association held in New Orleans, LA, USA, involved identifying both cancer and a precancerous lesion, called dysplasia, in individuals who suffer from IBD. In a blinded study with 10 cases and 10 controls conducted in conjunction with Mount Sinai Medical Center (New York, NY, USA) and the University of Chicago (IL, USA), researchers found that stool DNA testing was positive in nine out of 10 cases (five of five with cancer, and four of five with dysplasia).

“This study shows that cancer and precancer in IBD can be detected noninvasively,” said Dr. Ahlquist. “The 90% detection rate by stool DNA testing is remarkable. It’s important for people with IBD because they are at much higher risk for colorectal cancer than the general population. Given the limitations of colonoscopies in detecting these lesions, stool DNA testing could play a complementary role to improve the effectiveness of cancer surveillance.”

The second study, presented on May 4, 2010, involves detecting serrated colorectal polyps. Unlike common adenomas, which usually protrude from the colon lining and are easy to see, serrated polyps are typically flat and the same color as the colon lining. Dr. Ahlquist remarked that serrated polyps have been ignored or excluded from most screening studies to date because it was not clear they were associated with cancer. “Now they are regarded as the forerunner in roughly 30% of colon cancers,” said Dr. Ahlquist. “Most of these are located on the right side of the colon, where screening has had less impact historically.”

For this study, researchers first took tissue and identified two genetic markers that were present in serrated polyps but not in normal colon. The team assayed the markers (mutant BRAF and methylated vimentin genes) in stool samples from 14 cases and 19 control patients who had undergone screening colonoscopies. In blinded fashion, they compared the findings to fecal blood tests on the same specimens.

“We observed a 71% detection rate with stool DNA testing,” noted Dr. Ahlquist. “This was significantly higher than the 7% rate with conventional fecal blood tests. Detection of these important types of precancer by stool DNA testing offers promise in our efforts to more effectively and affordably prevent colorectal cancer. However, findings from both pilot studies need to be corroborated in larger studies.”

Scientists identified three genetic mutations that increase the number of cigarettes people smoke a day

2010-04-26T08:48:00.000-07:00

Scientists identified three genetic mutations that increase the number of cigarettes people smoke a day.

And several genes appear to dictate how likely you are to take up smoking and how easily you can quit.

Three separate studies collected data from 140,000 people, with the results published in the journal Nature Genetics.

A previous study two years ago found a common single-letter change in the genetic code linked to nicotine addiction and lung cancer risk.

This new research confirms this discovery and also pinpoints two more genetic variants that seem to increase cigarette consumption among smokers.

Lung cancer risk

The new single-letter mutations, known as single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs, lie in regions of the DNA molecule containing genes believed to influence nicotine addiction.

In smokers, each copy of the variants was associated with a small increase in smoking consumption equivalent to about half a cigarette a day.

However they also conferred a 10% increase in lung cancer risk, raising questions about their effect.

It is not clear whether the variants simply drive people to smoke more, or increase susceptibility to cancer as well.

The University of North Carolina, Oxford University and Icelandic company deCODE were all involved in the research.

Dr Kari Stefansson, researcher and executive chairman of deCODE, stressed that smoking is bad for anyone's health.

"But it is even worse for some, and our discoveries continue to strengthen our ability to identify who those people are and give them a compelling reason to quit."

Amanda Sandford, research manager at ASH, a public health charity, cautioned that any potential benefits from this research were still a long way in the future.

"Smokers who want to quit should not wait for treatment tailored to their genetic make-up.

"There is an abundance of advice and treatments available already to help people stop smoking," she said.

source:- bbc

The Story Of The Bull

2010-04-05T01:46:00.000-07:00

There were four Cows. One of them was white and the other three were black. They used to live in a dangerous area surrounded by wolves. The way they protected themselves was that they were always together, they would stick together, watch out for each other, everyone was keeping an attentative eye, and they survived, even though the area was surrounded by wild beasts.

But the three black cows had a meeting one day. And they said, “This white cow is giving us away. When we try to hide at night, because we are black no one can see us, but the enemy is able to see the white cow, so why don’t we just let him go. The three of us will be together and let’s just let the white cow go away because he is just too much trouble.” So now from that day on, the three black cows would be on one side and the poor white cow is alone. They boycotted the white cow.

Now the wolf is very intelligent. He was able to detect the disunity that was amongst these cows. So he made his move and he attacked the white cow, and while he was devouring his flesh, the three black cows were doing nothing. They were watching it, while their brother was being torn into pieces!

But the following night, the wolf attacked the three black cows, why? Because now there were one cow short. So they were not as strong as they were the day before. Because they let down their brother white cow, now the wolf attacked them and was able to snatch away one of the black cows. And now we only have two left.

So the following night, it was an even easier thing for the wolf because only two are left, so he ate one of them. And then on the final night there was only one cow left and the cow was trying frantically to run away from the wolf, but now the cow has no supporter and no helper. So the wolf is pursing it with confidence and he knows this cow will get tired and fall down, there’s nothing the cow could do. Nobody to help him, so the wolf is walking around very happily with confidence, and he pounced at the cow and grabbed him by the neck, and while he did that and the cow was pronouncing his last words, he made a very important statement, a statement that is a great lesson that we can learn from. This black cow said, (while he was dying), “I was eaten, the day the white cow was eaten. I had signed on my execution form, the day I allowed the white cow to be eaten, that’s when I died. I didn’t die now, I didn’t die today…I died when I allowed the wolf to eat the white cow”

Tool Designed to Diagnose Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

2010-03-16T08:30:00.000-07:00

Previous studies have shown that assessment of immunoglobulin (IG) subclasses in plasma cells by immunohistochemistry (IHC) may be useful in the histopathologic evaluation of autoimmune liver diseases. However, additional studies are necessary in order to validate the diagnostic utility of IgM and IgG immunohistochemistry in this specific situation.

A research team evaluated the predominant plasma cell immunoglobulin subclass present in liver biopsies of patients with well-established autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and evaluated the diagnostic utility of IgM and IgG IHC in this setting. Their study was published in the January 28, 2010, issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.

The investigators, from the department of pathology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons (New York, NY, USA), reported that their research demonstrated that while the plasma cell-rich infiltrates seen in several forms of liver disease predominantly express IgG, PBC seems to be an exception, as most plasma cells in these patients express IgM.

The scientist’s data indicated that a predominantly IgM+ plasma cell infiltrate, although not pathognomonic, should strongly support the diagnosis of PBC. The IgM/IgG ratio is especially useful in differentiating PBC from AIH.

Rabbit Monoclonal Antibodies Developed for Immunohistochemistry Applications

2010-03-14T03:10:00.001-07:00

A new range of rabbit monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies has been developed for immunohistochemistry (IHC) applications. A rabbit custom antibody service is also available.

Antibodies produced by rabbits are reported often to provide superior antigen recognition, greater specificity, and better consistency than those offered by mice. Rabbit antibodies can recognize specific antigens and epitopes that are not immunogenic in mice or rats. These antibodies can sometimes also offer higher working titers and may therefore help to lower laboratory costs. By using rabbit monoclonal antibodies (RMAbs), researchers can benefit from these unique qualities especially in the area of immunohistochemistry. Use of RMAbs technology provides critical information to researchers regarding the distribution and localization of biomarkers, and differentially expressed proteins in different parts of a biologic tissue.

AMSBIO (Abingdon, UK) offers a range of over 3,500 antibodies for immunohistochemistry including rabbit monoclonal, polyclonal, and mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Included in this range are antibodies that have been characterized to work on FFPE sections, renowned for their robust, highly sensitive, and specific characteristics. Many of these antibodies have been CE marked. The AMSBIO SP1 Estrogen Receptor antibody is now recommended as the gold standard by leading breast cancer experts and distributed worldwide.

AMS Biotechnology (AMSBIO) is a leading international provider of products and custom services for life sciences research. The AMSBIO range includes over 23,000 polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, peptides, recombinant proteins, extracellular matrix, molecular detection reagents, tissue DNA, RNA, protein, and microarray products. Key research areas include apoptosis, cell invasion and migration, cell signaling, DNA damage, electrophoresis, glycobiology, posttranslational modification, and stem cell biology.

The Writing On The Wall

2010-03-10T23:44:00.000-08:00

There is an advertisement by Idea Cellular's ‘What an idea, sirji!’ series. The topic is conservation of trees by using cellphone as a device to eliminate wastage of paper. Awesome Idea, isn't it =P
but using mobile phones as an alternative of paper in India, sounds some what funny for me. This is a one I have seen today, the guy was preparing for exam. Classrooms are to study, so what's wrong in wring notes on the walls. Almost every student spends a bit of their precious time from busy schedule to read what is written on the walls, but no time to stare at their notes. So lets save trees-- write on walls =P~

btw the guy reminded me of the story in Bible too ("The writing on the wall" in In the book of Daniel).

Panadol

2010-03-03T01:54:00.000-08:00

What is panadol?

I don't think someone has to tell what panadol is for any Maldivian. For years we have been using this "for our enjoyment" and to cure all the disease. I had a friend who cannot fall sleep without having two panadol capsules. By the way as I have decided write about panadol, must tell what is panadol.

Panadol is the GlaxoSmithKline brand name of the phamaceutical paracetamol (para-acetylaminophenol), which is administered to reduce pain and fever. There are many similar products marketed under other names. For example, in India, paracetamol is sold as Crocin and in Colombia it is marketed as Dolex. It is sold in more than 85 countries. However, in North America, Johnson and Johnson's Tylenol is the leading brand of paracetamol.

Panadol is sold in three varieties in many markets:

1. plain
2. rapid
3. extra, which includes caffeine. This version is marketed as Tylenol Ultra, and contains 500 mg of paracetamol (acetaminophen) and 65 mg of caffeine.

Side Effects

General
In general, acetaminophen is well-tolerated when administered in therapeutic doses.

Hepatic

Hepatic side effects including severe and sometimes fatal dose dependent hepatitis have been reported in alcoholic patients. Hepatotoxicity has been increased during fasting. Several cases of hepatotoxicity from chronic acetaminophen therapy at therapeutic doses have also been reported despite a lack of risk factors for toxicity.

Alcoholic patients may develop hepatotoxicity after even modest doses of acetaminophen. In healthy patients, approximately 15 grams of acetaminophen is necessary to deplete liver glutathione stores by 70% in a 70 kg person. However, hepatotoxicity has been reported following smaller doses. Glutathione concentrations may be repleted by the antidote N-acetylcysteine. One case report has suggested that hypothermia may also be beneficial in decreasing liver damage during overdose.

In a recent retrospective study of 306 patients admitted for acetaminophen overdose, 6.9% had severe liver injury but all recovered. None of the 306 patients died.

A 19-year-old female developed hepatotoxicity, reactive plasmacytosis and agranulocytosis followed by a leukemoid reaction after acute acetaminophen toxicity.

Gastrointestinal

One study has suggested that acetaminophen may precipitate acute biliary pain and cholestasis. The mechanism of this effect may be related to inhibition of prostaglandin and alterations in the regulation of the sphincter of Oddi.

Gastrointestinal side effects are rare except in alcoholics and after overdose. Cases of acute pancreatitis have been reported rarely.

Renal

Renal side effects are rare and have included acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis, and interstitial nephritis. Adverse renal effects are most often observed after overdose, after chronic abuse (often with multiple analgesics), or in association with acetaminophen-related hepatotoxicity.

Acute tubular necrosis usually occurs in conjunction with liver failure, but has been observed as an isolated finding in rare cases. A possible increase in the risk of renal cell carcinoma has been associated with chronic acetaminophen use as well.

One case-control study of patients with end-stage renal disease suggested that long term consumption of acetaminophen may significantly increase the risk of end-stage renal disease particularly in patients taking more than two pills per day.

However, a recent cohort study of analgesia use of initially healthy men concluded that moderate use of analgesics including acetaminophen was not associated with increased risk of renal disease.

Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity side effects including anaphylaxis and fixed drug eruptions have been reported rarely in association with acetaminophen use.

Hematologic

Hematologic side effects including rare cases of thrombocytopenia associated with acetaminophen have been reported. Acute thrombocytopenia has also been reported as having been caused by sensitivity to acetaminophen glucuronide, the major metabolite of acetaminophen. Methemoglobinemia with resulting cyanosis has been observed in the setting of acute overdose.

Dermatologic

Dermatologic side effects including erythematous skin rashes associated with acetaminophen have been reported, but are rare. Acetaminophen associated bullous erythema and purpura fulminans have been reported. One case of toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with acetaminophen administered to a pediatric patient has been reported.

Respiratory

Respiratory side effects including a case of acetaminophen-induced eosinophilic pneumonia have been reported.

Cardiovascular

Cardiovascular side effects including two cases of hypotension have been reported following the administration of acetaminophen.

Two cases hypotension have been reported following the administration of acetaminophen. Both patients experienced significant decreases in blood pressure. One of the two patients required pressor agents to maintain adequate mean arterial pressures. Neither episode was associated with symptoms of anaphylaxis. Neither patient was rechallenged after resolution of the initial episode.

Metabolic

Metabolic side effects including metabolic acidosis have been reported following a massive overdose of acetaminophen.

In the case of metabolic acidosis, causality is uncertain as more than one drug was ingested. The case of metabolic acidosis followed the ingestion of 75 grams of acetaminophen, 1.95 grams of aspirin, and a small amount of a liquid household cleaner. The patient also had a history of seizures which the authors reported may have contributed to an increased lactate level indicative of metabolic acidosis.

Wired Waters: Bacterial Electric Circuits Facilitate Chemistry in Marine Sediments

2010-02-25T03:55:00.000-08:00

Bacteria in ocean sediments appear to string together nanowires to connect complementary but spatially separated chemical processes, according to a new study. The finding is the first example of a natural electrical circuit bridging a macroscopic gap, in this case more than a centimeter across, to mediate a biogeochemical process on either side.

Below the sediment surface there is plenty of hydrogen sulfide and carbon for bacteria to consume via oxidation, or removing electrons, but the electron acceptor is up at the sediment surface, in the form of dissolved oxygen in the overlying water. So the bacteria evidently form a sort of conductive chain, comprising biological nanowires and possibly pyrite grains embedded in the mud, that allows electrons from the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and carbon within the sediment to contribute to the reduction of oxygen by other microbes at the sediment surface.

"It's such a smart thing for bacteria to make this electric connection," says Lars Peter Nielsen, a biologist at the University of Aarhus in Denmark who led the research, published in the February 25 issue of Nature. (Scientific American is part of Nature Publishing Group.) Bacteria sitting in the top layer of sediment receive electrons that they use to consume oxygen from oxygen-deprived but well-nourished bacteria deep down, which consume hydrogen sulfide and carbon. "It's a very smart division of labor in which there's certainly a strong evolutionary fitness," Nielsen says.

The researchers made the discovery by accident, Nielsen says. He and his colleagues noticed something odd in glass tubes containing seafloor mud from nearby Aarhus harbor and Aarhus Bay that had been left undisturbed for weeks following an experiment. Oxygen from seawater permeated only the upper millimeter or so of sediment, but the researchers noticed something happening much deeper in the mud, more than a centimeter below, as if oxygen were available down there, as well. "We could see that the hydrogen sulfide—that's what makes the mud stink—had disappeared in this part of the sediment, which in this context could only be due to reaction with oxygen," Nielsen says. "But there was no oxygen." The explanation, he says, came to him late one night: What if there were some sort of wire linking the two regions?

As it turned out, other research groups had shown that some bacteria can transfer electrons via conductive pili, tiny hairs extending far beyond a bacterium's body that can act as nanowires. In 2005 microbiologist Gemma Reguera, then at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, demonstrated with her colleagues the existence of such bacterial nanowires in Geobacter sulfurreducens. (Nielsen says that he and his colleagues have not identified the bacterial species that provide conductivity in the seafloor mud.)

Reguera, now at Michigan State University, says the new research finally establishes that the bio-nanowires play a role in nature. "There's a lot of buzz about whether we can measure conductivity in the sediment and relate it to biology and microbes, but there has never been the proof," Reguera says. "This paper actually proved it." She notes that the study's authors took great pains to exclude other possible explanations for the subsurface oxidation, whether from sediment mixing by tiny organisms or from oxidation by nonbiological agents such as nitrates and metallic oxides.

"At the end of the day, the key in this study is really the velocity of the response—how fast the electrons transfer across the sediments," Reguera says. When the researchers switched the electric current off by deoxygenating the water, thereby removing the electron acceptor at the sediment surface, the depth of the hydrogen sulfide layer in the sediment rose in less than an hour, as deeper microbes could no longer consume it. "There is nothing known that could explain it but bacterial nanowires," Reguera says.

source:- scientificamerican.com

Time Management - Urgent v important

2010-02-16T08:59:00.000-08:00

Time management refers to a range of skills, tools, and techniques used to manage time when accomplishing specific tasks, projects and goals. This set encompasses a wide scope of activities, and these include planning, allocating, setting goals, delegation, analysis of time spent, monitoring, organizing, scheduling, and prioritizing. Initially time management referred to just business or work activities, but eventually the term broadened to include personal activities as well. A time management system is a designed combination of processes, tools and techniques.

Time management tasks can be split into urgent and important. To help you in sorting them you can use a matrix system.

The definitions:

Urgent

Urgent tasks are deadline based. This is usually independent of yourself and is often driven by others. The sooner the task needs completion the More urgent it is. This has no relation to importance.

Important

The importance of a job drives how much 'time' you want to spend on it. Notice that this is independent of 'urgency' and is what you want to do not what you Actually spend on it. For any task the quality of your output will often relate to the time you spend on it.

Rank:
Once you have ranked your list of jobs for 'urgency' and 'importance' you will be able to put them into a matrix as in the diagram above.

Box 1

These are urgent and important. They must be done now. These are critical activities and also support you goals. In terms of crises they may be a mixture of problems that you could have avoided with better planning or were completely unexpected.

Box 2

These are ‘urgent’ but ‘not important’. They tend to be jobs not related to your goals but generated by others. Because you don’t really want to spend much time on tasks not connected with your goals you may wish to try an delegate these.

Box 3

These items are ‘not urgent’. This means their deadlines are in the future. They are important so you must do them. So plan them well for carrying out in the future.
A lot of jobs will fall in this area make sure you plan properly or you will have problems later.

Box 4

These are neither ‘urgent’ or ‘important’. These can be simple trivial tasks that you ought to avoid doing but you may end up doing just to ‘get them out of the way’.
Be wary as some of these tasks may be trivial now but they may move into a higher ranked category if not seen to.

This system is very black and white but will need some interpretation for real life examples. If someone telephones you for urgent information you are not likely to put them on hold while you put the task into one of the boxes and deal with it appropriately.

Category detail:

Box 1

Highly important and urgent tasks should be pretty rare. Particularly, if you have generally planned well. However, jobs in this box need immediate attention, for example, safety issues must be resolved, family crisis, product quality has been compromised, senior management want data for an urgent meeting etc.

Hopefully, you wont see too many of these sorts of issues.

So what does it mean if you are constantly dealing with crises and fire fighting?
If this is the case there is often poor planning at the route of it. This may be your own poor planning in which case you need to deal with it appropriately.
If you are a manager and are constantly dragged into dealing with crises materialising from others you will need to deal with their training.

How many parents spend a lot of needless time sorting out problems of their children?
Quite a few I would guess. Try to examine the route causes and deal with them.

The above techniques will help to keep jobs in box 3 where planning should be carried out more thoroughly.
Confusion over importance can push some tasks from box 2 to 1 by mistake.

In terms of your diary do them straight away.

Box 2

These are the tasks with near deadlines but not relevant to your own goals. Much of your daily activity will come under this heading.
There will be plenty of jobs in this category that are trivial in themselves but would have serious consequences if not done, for example, paying Bills.
Try to spend as little time as possible on this category of task.

People will still spend more time than is necessary on these jobs for a variety of reasons.
If you particularly like a task you will keep with it for too long.
You believe the job is ‘important’ when in fact it isn’t (just urgent) although it may well be important to others it is not to you.
If the quality of the task output is too high (unnecessarily) then you will tend to take up too much time.

The key with items that should only command a small amount of your time is to make sure you understand what is required and do not exceed that requirement.

You will need to put these tasks into your diary for completion ahead of the deadline and plan to give them as little time as possible.

Box 3

These tasks are relevant to your goals so are ‘important’ but ‘not urgent’ in that their deadlines are not immediate.
There are two key sorts of tasks that may appear here to be wary of.
The first are tasks that if left undone can easily end up in Box 1 as a crisis. By ‘done’ we mean that you thoroughly assess these and plan their completion Rigorously so that you are not surprised later with unforeseen events.

Anything can end up in Box 1 if you leave it long enough. One character of a good manager is to ask ‘why?’
If you find too many items ending up in Box 1 ask ‘why?’ and learn from the experience so that it will not happen again.

If you have any room in your diary after putting in the Box 1 and 2 tasks fill some space with Box 3 tasks.

Box 4

These are the rest of the tasks that are ‘not urgent’ and ‘not important’. If you leave these jobs to simmer for say 4 weeks they will either jump to becoming ‘urgent’ into Box 2 or you may find that they are irrelevant and you can bin them. Some items that would be in this area you may be able to automate at a time When you do not need to be there. For example, computers can be backed up, checked for viruses and adware whilst you are sleeping.

If you are inundated with jobs one option is to work longer hours. This is the least attractive option if this carries on for any length of time as it can be physically and mentally draining. The long term option is to improve your Time Management skills.

Many items in Box 4 are done just for fun as they are neither ‘important’ or ‘urgent’.
Job needs:
When you use this system assessing whether a job is ‘important’ or not is possibly easier at home than at work.
In your work environment you will be subject to job descriptions and as such will be obliged to complete tasks that are not necessarily part of your goals.
However, losing your job or position is not a good way to reach your goals so many jobs are ‘important’ in an indirect manner.
Job order:
In theory, you would tackle the jobs in the order Box 1, then 2, then 3 and finally Box 4. It is quite likely that if you did this you would never get into Box 3 on many occasions. Thus some of the Box 3 jobs ought to be done anyway despite the natural order. If you have any gaps in your activities then is the time to start Box 4.

These can be fitted in to your diary once you have accounted for Boxes 1, 2 and 3.
Remember that you may need to pencil some time for potential emergencies and some ‘quiet time’.

Once you have identified a Box for your task think if you need to do it, if not, try and delegate it.

In general, you shouldn’t have much in Boxes 1 and 4 and most of your work in Boxes 2 and 3.
The split should be about 10% Box 1, 10% Box 4 and 40% for Boxes 2 and 3.

If in an audit you find the percentages regular exceed these look at the underlying causes and try to do something about them.

I Love Kung Fu Panda

2010-02-02T03:08:00.000-08:00

My favourite quotations from Kung Fu Panda. Just have a look.

There is no charge for awesomeness or attractiveness.

Sorry doesn’t make the noodles.

Why must something be wrong for me to want to see my old friend.

Nothing is impossible.

One often meets his destiny on the road he takes to avid it.

Your mind is like this water, my friend, when it is agitated, it becomes difficult to see, but if you allow it to settle, the answer becomes clear.

There are no accidents.

There is no such thing as level zero.

You are too concerned about what was and what will be.

Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, but today is a gift. That is why it is called the "present."

There is just news. There is no good or bad.

Look at this tree, Shifu: I cannot make it blossom when it suits me nor make it bear fruit before its time.

No matter what you do, that seed will grow to be a peach tree. You may wish for an apple or an orange, but you will get a peach.

(Shifu) But a peach cannot defeat Tai Lung (Oogway) Maybe it can, if you are willing to guide, to nurture it, to believe in it.

No, you just need to believe. Promise me, Shifu, promise me you will believe.

The secret ingredient is nothing. You heard me. Nothing! There is no secret ingredient.

To make something special you just have to believe it's special.

Ancient, Giant Beavers Didn't Have a Taste for Wood

2009-10-25T06:47:00.000-07:00

Behemoth beavers that lived in North America during the last ice age ate little if any material from trees, a new analysis suggests.

The extinct giant beaver, Castoroides ohioensis, was just one species of large animals, or megafauna, stalking the North American landscape near the end of the last ice age. Fossils indicate that the creature was about twice the size of its modern-day cousin and therefore weighed between 60 and 100 kilograms, says Catherine Yansa, a paleoecologist at Michigan State University in East Lansing.

Yansa and University of Wisconsin-Whitewater colleague Peter Jacobs recently analyzed material drilled from the jawbone of a giant beaver that had been unearthed at a farm in southeastern Wisconsin. Carbon dating showed that the creature lived around 14,500 years ago, she reported October 19 at the annual meeting of the Geological Society of America. Pollen and plant fossils from sediments surrounding the jawbone suggest that the environment at the site then was cold and marshy with few trees.

The jaws and teeth of the extinct giant beavers are somewhat different from those of today's beavers, so some scientists had proposed that their diets differed too. Modern beavers eat mainly tree bark and the soft tissue beneath it, called cambium.

Giant rat found in 'lost volcano'

2009-09-07T13:14:00.000-07:00

A new species of giant rat has been discovered deep in the jungle of Papua New Guinea.

The rat, which has no fear of humans, measures 82cm long, placing it among the largest species of rat known anywhere in the world.

The creature, which has not yet been formally described, was discovered by an expedition team filming the BBC programme Lost Land of the Volcano.

It is one of a number of exotic animals found by the expedition team.

Like the other exotic species, the rat is believed to live within the Mount Bosavi crater, and nowhere else.

"This is one of the world's largest rats. It is a true rat, the same kind you find in the city sewers," says Dr Kristofer Helgen, a mammalogist based at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History who accompanied the BBC expedition team.

Initially, the giant rat was first captured on film by an infrared camera trap, which BBC wildlife cameraman Gordon Buchanan set up in the forest on the slopes of the volcano.

The expedition team from the BBC Natural History Unit recorded the rat rummaging around on the forest floor, and were awed by its size.

Immediately, they suspected it could be a species never before recorded by science, but they needed to see a live animal to be sure.

Then trackers accompanying the team managed to trap a live specimen.

"I had a cat and it was about the same size as this rat," says Buchanan.

The trapped rat measured 82cm in length from its nose to its tail, and weighed approximately 1.5kg.

It had a silver-brown coat of thick long fur, which the scientists who examined it believe may help it survive the wet and cold conditions that can occur within the high volcano crater. The location where the rat was discovered lies at an elevation of over 1,000m.

Initial investigations suggest the rat belongs to the genus Mallomys, which contains a handful of other out-sized species.

It has provisionally been called the Bosavi woolly rat, while its scientific name has yet to be agreed.

Other rodents, the group of animals that includes rats, grow to a bigger size.

For example, the largest rodent of all is the capybara, which lives in or near freshwater in South America.

It can grow up to 130cm long and weigh up to 65kg.

The Philippines is also home to a few species of cloud rat which can reach over 2kg in weight.

But of the true rats, which includes urban brown and black rats that belong to the genus Rattus, few can match the new species.

In 2007, an expedition to New Guinea led by Conservation International discovered another closely related giant woolly rat, which can weigh up to 1.4kg. It also belongs within the genus Mallomys.

However, that species lives in the Foja Mountains, part of the Mamberamo Basin.

Mount Bosavi, where the new rat was found, is an extinct volcano that lies deep in the remote Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea.

The expedition team entered the crater to explore pristine forest, where few humans have set foot.

Even members of the Kasua tribe, who acted as trackers for the expedition, live outside the crater, which is 4km wide and has walls up to 1km high, trapping the creatures that live within.

The island which includes Papua New Guinea and New Guinea is famous for the number and diversity of the rats and mice that live there.

Over 57 species of true "Murid" rats and mice can be found on the island. The larger rats are often caught by hunters and eaten.

Source:- http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8210000/8210394.stm

Pearl-Producing Proteins Uncovered

2009-08-14T23:47:00.000-07:00

The iridescent beauty of pearl and nacre, the material found inside the shells of clams, oysters and other mollusks, would likely be impossible without two new proteins recently discovered by Japanese scientists.

The discovery could allow for the production of larger pearls in less time.

Pearl and nacre, also known as mother of pearl, have been used as decorations for millennia. In recent years, scientists have discovered the physical structure responsible for their valuable iridescence, the minerals that make up those structures, and the proteins that hold those minerals together.

What science has failed to find, however, are the proteins that actually produce pearls. The Japanese researchers set out to find those missing proteins.

By infecting Japanese pearl oysters with an engineered virus specifically designed to reduce the amount of the newly discovered proteins, the scientists essentially stopped pearls from forming.

"This is really fundamental research," said Nils Kroger, a scientist at the University of Georgia who wrote an accompanying article in the journal Science. "The mollusk shells looked much more disorganized, not the nice structured layers you would normally expect."

Better Vision, With a Telescope Inside the Eye

2009-07-21T06:19:00.000-07:00

A TINY glass telescope, the size of a pea, has been successfully implanted in the eyes of people with severely damaged retinas, helping them to read, watch television and better see familiar faces.

The new device is for people with an irreversible, advanced form of macular degeneration in which a blind spot develops in the central vision of both eyes.

In a brief, outpatient procedure, a corneal specialist implants the mini-telescope in one eye in place of its natural lens. The telescope magnifies images on the retina, extending them so they fall on healthy cells outside the damaged macula, said Allen W. Hill, chief executive of VisionCare Ophthalmic Technologies in Saratoga, Calif., the implant’s maker.

In March, an advisory panel to the Food and Drug Administration unanimously recommended approval of the device. VisionCare says it expects the F.D.A. to give its O.K. later this year. The device has already been approved for use in Europe.

The implanted telescope holds much promise for patients, typically elderly, who suffer from end-stage, age-related macular degeneration, or A.M.D., said Janet P. Szlyk, a member of the advisory panel. Dr. Szlyk is executive director of the Chicago Lighthouse for People Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired, a social services agency.

The device does not cure the disease, but it does improve visual acuity, she said. For example, a person who might usually see a blur when looking at a friend’s face might, with the help of the magnified image, see a blur only in the area of the person’s nose or mouth.

“People can use it to recognize faces in a social setting,” she said. ‘That’s a huge advance.”

The telescope is implanted in one eye for jobs like reading and facial recognition. The other eye, unaltered, is used for peripheral vision during other activities like walking. After implantation, extensive therapy is crucial, she said, to learn to deal with the different abilities of the eyes.

Ruth A. Boocks, 86, of Alpharetta, Ga., who received an implant of the device in March 2003 during clinical trials, said her brain learned to adapt quickly. Mrs. Boocks uses her new visual abilities in various ways — for instance, to read e-mail and the messages that scroll across the bottom of the screen when she’s watching television. “My goal was to read to the bottom of the eye charts,” she said. “But I didn’t quite make it.” (She has gotten to the third line from the bottom.)

“I feel like a young woman,” she added. “It’s opened a lot of opportunities for me.”

Henry L. Hudson, a retina specialist in Tucson, Ariz., and lead author of two papers on the telescope published in peer-reviewed journals, said the device was not for everyone with A.M.D. “Maybe only 20 out of every 100 candidates will get the telescope,” he said. “They may not be eligible because of the shape of their eyes,” or they may have another problem, like maintaining balance, that precludes their selection, he added.

After F.D.A. approval, VisionCare will apply to Medicare to cover the device, Mr. Hill said. “We anticipate that it will be seen as a covered benefit for the improvement of visual acuity,” he said.

The price of the device has not been set. Current tools for ameliorating low-vision problems, like glasses fitted with telescopes or reading machines, are typically not covered by insurance.

Dr. Bruce P. Rosenthal is chief of low-vision programs at Lighthouse International in New York City, where telescopes mounted on eyeglass frames, for instance, might be prescribed for people with A.M.D. to help them watch a sports event. He said that patients might be as well served by these glasses as by the new implants, and that he hoped long-term studies would compare the benefits of the two approaches.

“Even though studies on the implants have reported minimal complications, there can be complications when you are inserting anything in the eye,” he said. “Even routine cataract surgery can lead to loss of vision.”

Dr. Rosenthal said the implanted telescope might be beneficial for some patients, “especially if they don’t want other people to know they are visually impaired.” Telescopes mounted on eyeglasses bulge outward, often extending an inch or so beyond the frames.

But he is concerned that people using implants might have trouble with balance. “There is a potential for falling when a person has a big image from one eye and a normal-sized image from the other,” he said.

DURING trials of the device, there was no increase in the incidence of falls among participants, Dr. Hudson said. More than 200 patients received implants in the study, and the effects have been tracked in the group for the past five years.

“The vast majority of the patients have been able to adapt to the new state,” using one eye for ambulating and the other for reading, facial recognition and similar chores, he said. “The average patient goes from legally blind to being able to read large-print books.”

For fish, it’s the more the merrier

2009-07-19T00:38:00.000-07:00

Study: Single and pairs of fish in aquariums are more stressed than groups

Watching a fish or two swim around a tank can be relaxing for you — but surprisingly stressful for the fish.

A new study found that common aquarium fish fight more and act less like themselves when they're lonely. Just as people choose to squeeze into a crowded nightclub rather than roam around an empty bar, it seems, certain fish prefer to have lots of companions.

It was the first study to look at the well-being of fish in home aquariums, and the results suggest that we may owe more to our fish than just keeping them from going belly-up.

India plans hot chilli grenades

2009-06-27T07:42:00.000-07:00

Indian defence scientists are planning to put one of the world's hottest chilli powders into hand grenades.

They say the devices will be used to control rioters and in counter-insurgency operations.

Researchers say the idea is to replace explosives in small hand grenades with a certain variety of red chilli to immobilise people without killing them.

The chilli, known as Bhut Jolokia, is said to be 1,000 times hotter than commonly used kitchen chilli.

Scientists at India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) are quoted as saying the potent chilli will be used as a food additive for troops operating in cold conditions.

And the powder will also be spread on the fences around army barracks in the hope the strong smell will keep out animals.

Other forms of pepper spray are commonly used for crowd control in many parts of the world.

Bacteria in Air So Numerous They Form Clouds

2009-05-20T05:01:00.001-07:00

To read the article click here

Some theories of Genitics

2009-05-09T15:51:00.000-07:00

Vapour and Fluid Theories of Genetics
Early Greek philosophers speculated that the hereditary informations of parents existed in the form of vapours of fluids. Pythagoras (500 B. C.) speculated that a moist "vapour" descended from the brain, nerves and other body organs of the male during the coitus and from these vapours an embryo was formed in the uterus of the female. According to him, the male transmitted all the characters of the embryo and the female does not. However, another Greek philosopher of the same age, Empedocles thought that both parents contributed equally to the embryo and each parent produces a "semen" which arises directly from various body parts.
After 200 years, another Greek philosopher Aristotle forwarded a highly imaginative speculation that the seman of the male had certain 'vitalizing' or "dynamic" effect and it was supposed to be highly purified blood. According to him, the female furnished the inert building material, while the male gives the motion and new life to the material.

Particulate inheritance theory
The theory of particulate inheritance is an idea that originated with Mendelian theorists (or by Mendel himself) stating that characteristics can be passed from generation to generation through "discrete particles" (which meant genes). These particles can keep their ability to be expressed while not always appearing in descending generation.
Early in the 19th century, scientists had already recognized that Earth has been inhabited by living creatures for a very long time. On the other hand, they did not understand what mechanisms actually drove biological diversity. They also did not understand how physical traits are inherited from one generation to the next. Blending inheritance was the common ideal at the time, but was later discredited by the experiments of Gregor Mendel. Mendel proposed the theory of particulate inheritance by using pea plants (Pisum sativum) to explain how variation can be inherited and maintained over time.

Preformation theory
The Preformation theory states that "knowledge is possible only because God has endowed humans with certain innate ideas along with dispositions or aptitudes in certain ways." This was recognized by Immanuel Kant as an alternative to his theory regarding the categories of understanding and their source.
According to Kant's view the aptitudes are both innate and a priori not given by a creator. Contrary to Kant's position, the preformation theory avoids skepticism about the nature of the noumenal world (Kant believed that the real world is unknowable). It does so by claiming that the rational structures of the human mind are similar to the rational order of the real world because both are created by God to work together, and this similarity makes the attaining of accurate knowledge about the real world possible.

Germ plasm theory
Germ plasm or polar plasm is a zone found in the cytoplasm of the egg cells of some model organisms (such as Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Xenopus laevis), which contains determinants that will give rise to the germ cell lineage. As the zygote undergoes mitotic divisions the germ plasm is ultimately restricted to a few cells of the embryo, these germ cells then migrate to the gonads.
The germ plasm theory is a hypothesis concerning the ability to become germ cells, which is now proven wrong. The term germ plasm was first used by the German biologist August Weismann (b.1834-d.1914) to describe a component of germ cells that he proposed were responsible for heredity, roughly equatable to our modern understanding of DNA. August Weismann formulated the now defunct germ plasm theory in 1893, in which he stated that the germ plasm was the essential nuclear part of germ cells, that it remained qualitatively unchanged from the zygote (in contrast with somatic cells) and was responsible for heredity. In other words it states that a gene's determination was sealed as it, and each of its offspring received fewer and fewer genes from what he called the "germ plasm." (That there is only a set "amount" of "germ plasm" (what we know as genes) and that it was gradually divided amongst the offspring). Cases such as Dolly (the famous cloned ewe) which, via somatic cell nuclear transfer, proved that adult cells retain a complete--as opposed to Weissman's increasingly determined gradual loss of genetic information--set of information; finally putting Weismann's theory to rest.

Extraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves

2009-05-05T19:14:00.000-07:00

Harvard Professor Develops Inhalable Chocolate

2009-04-12T03:30:00.000-07:00

It may be a hoax, a sly artistic commentary, a vanity project or simply the greatest thing ever known to man.

A Harvard professor has come up with what he call "Le Whif" — inhalable chocolate with zero calories.

"Over the centuries we've been eating smaller and smaller quantities at shorter and shorter intervals," says Edwards on the product's official Web site. "It seemed to us that eating was tending toward breathing, so, with a mix of culinary art and aerosol science, we've helped move eating habits to their logical conclusion. We call it whiffing."

Each Le Whif dispenser — a box of 24 will cost 40 euro, or about $53 — looks like a blend of an asthma inhaler, a tube of lipstick and a shotgun shell.

You can buy them for 1.80 euro apiece, about $2.40, at "Le Laboratoire," Edwards' shop/consultancy/club/"art and science innovation center" located smack-dab in the middle of Paris, where Edwards spends part of the year.

A video of randomly stylish people trying it Le Whif on the Parisian streets makes one think of "one-hit wonder" marijuana pipes, though with presumably milder effects.

Le Whif comes in "four luscious flavors: mint chocolate, raspberry chocolate, mango chocolate, and plain chocolate," and will be introduced at a gala party in Paris on April 29, followed by 10 days at the Cannes Film Festival and then later a "surprising" appearance in Chicago.

To make things even more bewildering, Edwards, whose Harvard Web page describes him as the "Gordon McKay Professor of the Practice of Biomedical Engineering," has a graphic novel coming out, written under a pseudonym, illustrated by a Japanese manga artist and entitled simply "Whiff."

http://www.lewhif.com/

Don't disturb

2009-03-22T01:08:00.000-07:00

It was in our biochem lab, we were told to take reagents from those beakers but still it is written "Dont disturb"

Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, but today is a gift. That is why it is called the present

2009-03-14T00:07:00.000-07:00

Imagine there is a bank account that credits your account each morning with $86,400. It carries over no balance from day to day.
Every evening the bank deletes whatever part of the balance you failed to use during the day. What would you do? Draw out every cent, of course?
Each of us has such a bank. It's name is TIME.
Every morning, it credits you with 86,400 seconds.
Every night it writes off as lost, whatever of this you have failed to invest to a good purpose.
It carries over no balance. It allows no over draft. Each day it opens a new account for you. Each night it burns the remains of the day.
If you fail to use the day's deposits, the loss is yours. There is no drawing against "tomorrow."
You must live in the present on today's deposits. Invest it so as to get from it the utmost in health, happiness and success!
The clock is running!! Make the most of today.

To realise the value of one year, ask a student who failed a grade.
To realise the value of one month, ask a mother who has given birth to a premature baby.
To realise the value of one week, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper.
To realise the value of one hour, ask the lovers who are waiting to meet.
To realise the value of one minute, ask a person who just missed a train.
To realise the value of one second, ask someone who just avoided an accident.
To realise the value of one millisecond, ask the person who won a silver medal at the olympics.

Treasure every moment that you have! And treasure it more because you shared it with someone special, special enough to spend your time with. And remember time waits for no one.
Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. That's why its called the present.

What is an internal examination ???

2009-03-01T03:15:00.000-08:00

I have never heard the term internal examination before coming Mysore. Internal examinations are conducted in all the colleges of Mysore university almost at the middle of each semester. Usually exam is conducted from selected topics.
To know more about internal exam I have searched that on Google and yahoo. I was surprised to see nothing related to education. Almost all are about pelvic examination. U just try your self and see.

What does and Internal Examination actually involve?

Google

http://www.google.co.in/search?q=internal+exam&btnG=Search&hl=en&sa=2

http://images.google.co.in/images?q=internal+exam&hl=en&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wi

yahoo

http://search.yahoo.com/search;_ylt=A0oGkkGfcKpJI9cA3CKl87UF?p=internal+exam&fr=sfp&fr2=&iscqry=

http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images;_ylt=A0oGkj3GcKpJmBcBcg9XNyoA?ei=UTF-8&p=internal+exam&fr2=tab-web&fr=sfp

I feel "Internal Exam" is not the most appropriate term to use for the exams conducted in all the colleges of Mysore University. =P

we are the champions

2009-02-23T09:29:00.000-08:00

Maldivian students became the champions of the Federation Of International Students' Associations,Mysore (FISA-M) football tournament beating defending champions so called mighty Iran. The match was monotonous unlike the semifinals and both the sides have shown very poor performances. Only 22 hours time interval have been given between semi-finals and final so all the players seemed tired. It was Maldives who broke the deadlock at the first few minutes of the game. Lead was doubled on the second half when unmarked Muththo received a re-bounce by Iran's goal keeper.He gave no chance for keeper to stop the ball. Iran managed to score their only goal at the dying minutes of second half.

My Bike

2009-02-22T12:52:00.000-08:00

You are so beautiful
graceful, slim and sleek
you make me feel so good
riding fast on your wonderfully smooth seat
I feel like I'm flying
in the clouds
Just you and me
no other thing compares
nothing matters
just you and me
I love those days when you and I can spend hours together
forgetting our worries
One day we went to the bus stand and police dragged you away
and were forced to live far away
when I saw you after a month and fortnight
U were dirty still I love u

What the hell.. MP also left

2009-02-02T21:12:00.000-08:00

We have very few good lecturers in our college of autonomous. Poornima was a goood lecturer and she left after our second semester. MP (Mahadeva Prasad) was the best teacher taught me during my short span of study life in India. He had unique characters which I have never seen in any Kannadigan teacher. Huh.. he also left. Our JSS college of kukulhumas sucks.

Cotton plug

2009-01-20T09:57:00.000-08:00

I don't know what the hell wrong with my microbiology madam. No one can draw cotton plug as she wish. We all know how it looks. It's white colour and very soft as it is made up of cotton. She wont give attendance if we didn't draw it as she wish, but when we get attendance the cotton plug seems wooden plug rather than a cotton plug. She might be having eye sight or something like colourblindness I guess. Anyway as I microbio students we have to deal with cotton plugs always and have to draw it often. I wish we get an alternative to cotton plug in our labs. That might not be a good idea even. We might have to learn to draw something else beside the cotton plug, so it will take another one and half year to learn how to draw that as she wish.

Hijab

2009-01-09T05:34:00.000-08:00

وَقُل لِّلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ يَغْضُضْنَ مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِنَّ وَيَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَىٰ جُيُوبِهِنَّ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ آبَائِهِنَّ أَوْ آبَاءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَائِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَاءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي أَخَوَاتِهِنَّ أَوْ نِسَائِهِنَّ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُنَّ أَوِ التَّابِعِينَ غَيْرِ أُولِي الْإِرْبَةِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ أَوِ الطِّفْلِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَىٰ عَوْرَاتِ النِّسَاءِ وَلَا يَضْرِبْنَ بِأَرْجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعْلَمَ مَا يُخْفِينَ مِن زِينَتِهِنَّ وَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ ‌[24-31]

[024:031] And tell the believing women to lower their gaze (from looking at forbidden things), and protect their private parts (from illegal sexual acts) and not to show off their adornment except that which is apparent (like both eyes for necessity to see the way, or outer palms of hands or one eye or dress like veil, gloves, headcover, apron), and to draw their veils all over Juyûbihinna (i.e. their bodies, faces, necks and bosoms) and not to reveal their adornment except to their husbands, or their fathers, or their husband's fathers, or their sons, or their husband's sons, or their brothers or their brother's sons, or their sister's sons, or their (Muslim) women (i.e. their sisters in Islâm), or the (female) slaves whom their right hands possess, or old male servants who lack vigour, or small children who have no sense of feminine sex. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And all of you beg Allâh to forgive you all, O believers, that you may be successful.

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُل لِّأَزْوَاجِكَ وَبَنَاتِكَ وَنِسَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُدْنِينَ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِن جَلَابِيبِهِنَّ ذٰلِكَ أَدْنَىٰ أَن يُعْرَفْنَ فَلَا يُؤْذَيْنَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا ‌[33-59]

[033:059] O Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to draw their cloaks (veils) all over their bodies (i.e. screen themselves completely except the eyes or one eye to see the way). That will be better that they should be known (as free respectable women) so as not to be annoyed. And Allâh is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

2008-12-30T06:39:00.000-08:00

Tag maadi

Keyolhubey tagged me in this fortnight ago, One often meets his destiny on the road he takes to avoid it.

1. What’s your latest addiction?

haha, linux commands

2. What are you listening to?

barking of neighbor's dog

3. How late did u stay up last night and why?

2:30 midnight, I was downloading secrets of the furious five and didn't want to get on bed befor watching it.

4. Who were you with last friday night?

my bro

5. Do you think you’ll be in a relationship 3 months from now?

naaa, don't think

6. When is the next time you’ll see your close friends?

in a week

7. what were you doing this morning at 7AM?

On the bed in a dream

8. What radio station do u listen to the most?

VOM I think, yaa yaa VOM, if there is a special football match, if not I don't listen any

9. What was the reason you last cried?

I don't keep the days I cry in my memory

10. Have you ever talked to someone when they were high?

donno

11. What’s the fifth text in your inbox say?

"kaloageya koba kihiney? enmen furee...mysore falhu veje mihaaru hehe..tc man jst thot of u"

12. Where was the last coffee shop you went to?

ginger coffee day

13. What’s your outfit right now?

shhhhhh, don't tell anyone that I am topless, only brown trouser and underwear is on

14. What were you doing at 11pm last night?

in facebook, FFS

15. Who was the last person you talked to last night before bed?

don't ask me :'(
it was no one, no one at home, I am mister lonely

16. Will you be driving in a year?

y not

17. Is there anything that you are craving for right now?

prison break season 4 episode 17 :S

18. When did your last hug take place?

day before yesterday

19. Have you ever started a sentence with “No offense, but…”?

i don't think so

20. Do you drink tea?

ya ya, little bit

21. Have you ever been arrested?

arrested... arrested... no no, can't call it an arrest so never

22. Have you rode in someone else’s car today?

car :| i don't even know how to, so how can I

23. Have you made a mistake this past week?

umpteen

24. Who was the last person you texted?

aunt

25. Are you happy with your life right now?

hmmm, very happy

26. In the past 72 hrs have you been under the influence of sleep?

ya ya

27. What’s the connection between you and the last person you texted?

my mom's sis

Mysore’s 1st hotel with smoking chambers

2008-12-16T11:04:00.000-08:00

Even as most hotels are dragging their feet ever since the country-wide ban on public smoking from October, Parklane Hotel in Mysore has taken the lead in implementing it.Very few hotels in the City of Palaces have earmarked open spaces in their premises as smoking zones. But Parklane has gone a step ahead and set up a state-of-the-art smoking chambers.

There are two 10 ft x 8 ft chambers - one for men and the other for women - beside its restaurant on the second floor of its building. These air tight chambers have a fan which pumps in fresh air and a pipe fitted with suckers to pump
out smoke.

Each chamber can accommodate eight to ten persons and provides an electric lighter and a big ash tray. These chambers not only fulfill all the conditions of the smoking ban but also satisfy the customers.

“The exhaust pipe is fitted with two motors to suck all the smoke and goes 15 ft above the building to assure that the smoke will not create any health hazards to other customers or people in the vicinity,” says the Parklane’s managing partner N G Venkatesh.

Customer’s cooperate
“We don’t allow any person to smoke in our premises. We suggest them to smoke in the specially provided area only. As per norms we do not offer any services in the smoking area. Initially there was some resistance, however it is being accepted by most of them. Our regular customers have got adjusted to the new set up,” says K N Guptha, another managing partner of the hotel.

Smokers like Chandrashekhar are welcoming Parklane’s smoking chambers. He says, “It is good. In the beginning we felt it was unusual as we are used to enjoying a puff along with a drink.

However, we have become accustomed to the new setup.

We are happy that there is no need for other customers to suffer from our bad habit. I have not seen any other restaurant in the city providing such facility,” he says.

Though the smoking chambers have been around for some days in the hotel, they were formally inaugurated on Monday.

Scientists Create Live Frankenmice From Tissue Frozen For 16 Years

2008-11-10T08:11:00.000-08:00

Teruhiko Wakayama and his colleagues at the Center for Developmental Biology in Japan report on 3rd of this month in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the successful cloning of mice using genetic material from bodies frozen for 16 years. Till then, cloning had been possible only with the use of live, intact cells.
Wakayama and his team used two methods of nuclear transfer to create these Frankenmice. In one case, nuclei from both brain and blood cells in the frozen mice were injected—still frozen—into female reproductive cells that had their nuclei removed. Those cells were than allowed to advance into the marula/blastocyst stages and the resulting embryonic stem cells were removed and used to create clones. In a another case, the reproductive cells were immediately placed in surrogate mice to be carried to term. Both methods produced live, healthy clones.

It has been more than a year since the cloned mice were created and although it is uncertain how long they will live, they are still spinning in their exercise wheels. Clones were made from genetic material that had been frozen for one week, one month, three months, and 16 years, and it looks like the length of time in the freezer has no effect on the success of the cloning.

It was previously thought that “most if not all” cells from mammals would be ruined if frozen, unprotected, but these new results open up the possibility for protecting endangered species through catalogs of frozen tissue to use in the future. Such “frozen zoos” are already in progress.

And while Wakayama can’t say for sure, it even raises the prospect of "resurrecting” extinct animals that have left frozen remains.

Beware of new Obama malware

2008-11-09T02:49:00.000-08:00

It steals your passwords and other information and sends them to a server in Ukraine

It sounds like campaign propaganda, but President-elect Barack Obama is a Trojan horse.

Obama’s name and purported links to his Election Night acceptance speech have proliferated in malicious software spreading around the World Wide Web since 5th Nov, Internet security firms report.

One spam message, subject line “Obama Wouldn’t Be First Black President,” directs readers to a link said to show his Tuesday speech. To watch, the user has to download a "new" flash player, adobe_flash9.exe. F-Secure Weblog warns that the “player” is really a virus out to steal confidential information on your computer and upload it to a server in Ukraine.

The security firm Sunbelt Software has picked up the same Obama spam with different subject lines, among them: “Obama's Win Reshapes the Race,” “USA Election 2008 Results,” “Election Center 2008 - Election Results,” “Election 2008: Time lapse of U.S. counties,” “Obama win preferred in world poll,” “The new President's cabinet?” and “Can Obama win popular vote but lose election?”

Another email comes embedded with links to video that installs the file BarackObama.exe. Clicking the video may infect your computer, CNET reports.

The best way to avoid the virus: delete all suspicious emails without opening them. F-Secure chief security advisor Patrik Runald tells the Washington Post’s Security Fix blog that consumers should be on the lookout, because the hackers are successfully exploiting intense public interest in Obama and anti-virus software isn't catching all of the viruses. In a scan by Virustotal, only 14 of 36 anti-virus products picked up the malicious software.

"This is not a big surprise, but it was done relatively quickly [after the election]," Runald told Security Fix. "I'd say this will be fairly successful, given that a lot of people are interested in the election, obviously."

FINALLY, RESERVOIR DOGS

2008-11-07T02:22:00.000-08:00

After long time there is a Kannada film that is not woven around either rowdyism no romance. Dinkar, in his second film has brought together seven of former screen villains including his brother Dharsan. The film is first Kannada remake of Quentin Tarantino's reservoir dogs that has been already remade thrice in Hindi. Seven men and two woman from various background team up to steal the centerpiece of Mysore Dasara; the golden howdah (ambari). As with the reservoir dogs, the film is more about what happens between the nine protagonists after the heist is committed.
The first half of the film is all about how the nine managed to steal the golden howdah weighing about 750kgs, from the Mysore palace for an antique collector. This part is also the most loose with Dinkar failing to create suspense or high tension. It is only in the second half that the film manages to hold one's attention. Here again, Sourav's character as the inspector turns out to be damp squib. One can only imagine what a kishore or Prakash Rai in this role would have contributed to the film. But some excellent stunt sequence by Ravivarma and camera work by Krishna Kumar make up for many of the other inadequacies.
A few inconsistencies have to be ignored, if you want to enjoy the film. Not all the seven sons are actors, and it shows. In spite of these, Navagratha is watchable just for how it breaks the monotony in Kannada films of late.
The film is also a tribute to the fathers with all seven being given screen names inspired by their father's famous characters.

ދީނޭ ކިޔައިގެން ހަޅޭނުލާށެވެ

2008-10-29T09:08:00.000-07:00

ކޮންމެ ދިމާލަކަށް މޫނު އަނބުރާލިޔަސް އިވެނީ އިސްލާމް ދީނޭ، ނަޞާރާ ދީނޭ ކިޔައިގެން ހަޅޭލާއަޑެވެ. އެއްބަޔަކު އަނެއްބައެއްގެ ބޮލުގައި ދީނުގެ ނަމުގާ ބަދުނާމު އަޅުވަމުންދާ އަޑެވެ. ކުރާނީ ކީއްހެއްޔެވެ. މިއަދު މުޖުތަމައުގެ ހާލެވެ. ކޮނަމެ މީހަކުވެސް ދެކެނީ އެމީހަކަށް މި އުޅެވެނީ އެންމެ ރަނގަޅު ގޮތަށް ކަމަށެވެ. އާއެކެވެ. ވާނީވެސް އެހެންތާއެވެ. ކަމަކަށް މާބޮޑަށް ފެންބޮވައިގަތީމާ ވާގޮތެވެ.

އަޅުގަނޑަކީވެސް ރާއްޖޭގެ ޚަބަރުތަށް ވަރަށް ގިނައިން ކިޔާއުޅޭ މީހަކީމެވެ. ކުރިން ދުވަހު ނޫސްތަކުގައި ލިޔެފައި ހުރި އެއްޗެހިނަ އަޅުގަނޑަށްވެސް އަނގަމަޑުން ލައިގެން ނީދެވޭ ދަރަޖައަށް ގޮސްފިއެވެ. ހާއްސަކޮށް މިއުޅޭ "މާތް" މަނިކުފާނުގެ ވާހަކައިންނެވެ. އިސްލާމިކް ބައެއް ޔުނިވާސިޓީތަކުން އެތާނގެ އޮނަރަރީ ޕީއެޗްޑީ އެ މާތްމަނިކުފާނަށް ދެއްވާފައި ވާވާހަކައެވެ. އިސްލާމީ ގައުމުތަކުގެ ތެރެއިން ހަމައެކަނި ހުކުރު ނަމާދު އީދު ނަމާދު އިމާމުވެ ކުރާ ބޭފުޅަކަށް ހުންނެވީ ހަމައެކަނި އެ "މާތް" މަނިކުފާނު ކަމަށް ވީމައެވެ. ރަމަޟާން މަހުގެ ރޭތައް އިހްޔާކުރުމުގެ ޕްރޮގްރާމް އެންމެ ފުރަތަމަ އަހަރުން ފެށިގެން މިއަދާ ހަމައަށް މެދު ނުކެނޑި ކުރިއަށް ގެންގޮސް ފުރަތަމަ ހަތަރު އަހަރު ކޮންމެ ރެއަކު ދީނީ މައުޟޫއަށް ވާހަކަދެއްކެވި ހަމައެކަނި ބޭފުޅަކީ އެ "މާތް" މިނިކުފާނު ކަމުގައި ވީމައެވެ. އަދި ފީބާ ރޭޑިއޯއިން ދިވެހި ބަހުން ފޮނުވަމުން ގެންދިޔަ ނަޞާރާ ދީނުގެ ޕްރޮގްރާމް ހުއްޓިގެން ދިޔައީ "މާތް" މަނިކުފާނ އިސްވެ ހުންނަވާ ދިވެހި ސަރުކާރުން ކުރި މަސައްކަތުންކަމުގައި ވިދާޅުވީމައެވެ. މި ނިމުނީއަކީއެއް ނޫނެވެ. ގުނާ އަދަދު ނުކުރެވޭހާ ގިނަ ހިދުމަތްތަކެވެ. މިއީ އިސްލާމް ދީންދެކެ ހާދަ ލޯތްބެއްވާ މަނިކުފާނެއް ތާއެވެ. އެހެއްކަމުން މިފަދަ ވަލީވެރިޔަވާ ބެހޭގޮތުން ދެތިން ފޮޅުވަތެއް ނަމަވެސް ލިޔެލުމަކީ ފަޚުރެއްކަމުގައި ދެކޭތީ އެޝަރަފު ލިބޭތޯ އަޅުގަނޑުވެސް އެއްޗެއް ލިޔެވޭތޯ ބަލާނަމެވެ.

އެންމެ ފުރަތަމަ އޮނަރަރީ ޕީއެޗްޑީތޯއެވެ. އަޅުގަނޑުމެންގެ ޒަޢީމަށް މިފަދަ ފަހުރެއް ލިބުމަކީ އަޅުގަނޑުމެން އުފާކުރަން ޖެހޭނެ ކަމެކެވެ. އެ ޕީއެޗްޑީއެއް ދެއްވީ ކޮން ޔުނިވާސިޓީއަކުންކަން ވިދާޅު ނުވިއަސް އަޅުގަނޑުމެންގެ ފަރުވާލެއް ނެތެވެ. އަޅުގަނޑާއި އަޅުގަނޑުގެ އާއިލާގެ ނަމުގައި މާތް މަނިކުފާނަށް ތަހުނިޔާއާއި މުބާރަކުބާދީ އަރިސްނުކުރިޔަސް މިހުރީ އުފަލުންނެވެ. އެކަމަކު މަނިކުފާނެވެ. ތި ޕީއެޗްޑީއަކުން "އަނެއް ދުނިޔޭގައި" ކުރާނީ ކޮން ފައިދާއެއް ތޯއެވެ. ބަލަ މަނިކުފާނެވެ. މިއުޒިކު ކުޅެ، ދެޖިންސު އެކުގައި ނަށާ ސޯތަކަށް އަރައި މަމިއީ ދީން ހިމާޔަތްކުރާ މީހެކޭ މަށައްވުރެ ގިނައިން އިސްލާމްދީނަށް ޚިދުމަތް ކުރި މީހަކު ނުހުންނާނެޔޭ ބުންޏަސް ގަބޫލުކުރާނީ ކާކުހެއްޔެވެ. އެހެންވެސް ވާނެއެވެ. މަނިކުފާނު ފާޚާނާތެރޭ ކުރަށްވާ ކަންތައް ރައްޔިތުންގެ މަޖިލީހަށް ގޮސް ދެއްކެވިޔަސް އެއީ ހައިރާން ވާންވީ ކަމެއް ނޫނެވެ. ވަކިވަރަވަށްވުރެ ދުވަސްވީމަ ވާނީ ތިކަހަލަ ގޮތެކެވެ. މިހާރު މަނިކުފާނުގެ ސިކުނޑިވެސް ހުންނާނީ ރިފޯމްވެ ކުޑަކުއްޖެއްގެ ވިސްނުން ލިބިފަކަން މާމޮޅަށް ސައިކޮލޮޖީ ނުކިޔެވިޔަސް ނިކަމެތި އަޅުގަނޑަށްވެސް އެނގެޔެވެ.

މާތް މަނިކުފާނޫއެވެ. މަނިކުފާނު އިސްލާމްދީނަށް ކުރެއްވިޚިދުމަތްތަކޭ ކިޔައިގެން ކަރުން ހަންމެށެންދެން ހަޅޭނުލާށެވެ. ތިއުޅެނީ މިހާރަށްވުރެ ބޮޑަށް އޮރިޔާންވާށެވެ. މަނިކުފާނު އިސްލާމަދީން ދެކެލޯބިން ފީބާ ރޭޑިއޯ ހުއްޓުވާލިކަމުގައި ވަނީނަމަ އެއްކަލަ ކުރިސްޓިއަންދީން ފެތުރި އާދަމްނައީމްގެ އޭއޭމްޑީސީ ނައްތާނުލީ ކީއްވެހެއްޔެވެ. ނުވަތަ އެނުބައި އާދަމްނައީމަށް އަދަބެއް ނުދިނީ ކީއްވެހެއްޔެވެ. ފިރުއައުނު ކައިރީ ހާމާނު ހުންނަހެން އަދިވެސް އެސޮރު އެހެރީ ހަމަ މަނިކުފާނުގެ ގާތް އައުވާނުންގެ ތެރޭގައެއެ ނޫންހެއްޔެވެ. ދެން ތިދައްކަނީ ރަމަޟާންމަހު މަނިކުފާނު މެދުނުކެނޑި ދީނީ ނަސޭހަތްދޭ ވާހަކައެވެ. އަޅެފަހެ ލަދެއްނުގަނޭހެއްޔެވެ. ތިޔަދޭ ނަސޭހަތްތަށް ދިނުމަށްވުރެ ރަނގަޅީ ނުދިނިއްޔާއެވެ. 1425ވަނަ އަހަރު ރަމަޟާންމަހު 25 ވިލޭރޭ ރަމަޟާންމަހުގެ ރޭތައް އިހުޔާކުރަށްވަން ނަސޭހަތްދެމުން ރައްޔިތުންނަށްވެސް އިޙްތިޔާރުކުރާ ދީނެއްގައި ތިބުމުގެ މިނިވަންކަން އޮންނަންޖެހޭނޭކިޔާ ހަޅޭލީހަމަ ތި “މާތް” މަނިކުފާނެއްނޫންހެއްޔެވެ. އެހެންވީމާ އެންދީންތަށް ރާއްޖެއަށް ގެންނަން ފާޅުގާ ގޮވާލީވެސް ހަމަ ތި “މާތް” މަނިކުފާނެއްނޫންހެއްޔެވެ.

Kannada Lessons 01

2008-09-28T11:49:00.000-07:00

Introduction

Kannada is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the southern state of Karnataka. Kannada, whose native speakers are called Kannadigas, number roughly 35 million, making it the 27th most spoken language in the world. It is one of the official languages of India and the official and administrative language of the state of Karnataka. The Kannada language is written using the Kannada script. The other native languages of Karnataka, Tulu, Kodava Takk and Konkani are also written using the Kannada script. There are many non Kannadigans who have interest to speak in Kannada. I have targeted this book those who can speak in English and have no or very little knowledge in Kannada. So I hope this book will help you to acquire some knowledge in Kannada.

Numbers

One ------------Ondu
Two ------------Aradu
Three ----------Muuru
Four -----------Nalaku
Five -----------Aidu
Six ------------Aaru
Seven ----------Yelu
Eight ----------Entu
Nine -----------Ombathtu
Ten ------------Haththu
Eleven ---------Hannondu
Twelve ---------Hanneradu
Thirteen -------Hadimooru
Fourteen -------Hadinalku
Fifteen --------Hadinaidhu
Sixteen --------Hadinaru
Seventeen ------Hadinelu
Eighteen -------Hadinentu
Nineteen -------Hathombathu
Twenty ---------Ippaththu
Twenty One -----Ippatha Ondu
Twenty Two -----Ippatha Yeradu
Twenty Three ---Ippatha Muuru
Thrity ---------Muvaththu
Fourty ---------Naluvathhu
Fifty ----------Ivaththu
Sixty ----------Aruvaththu
Seventy --------Eppaththu
Eighty ---------Embaththu
Ninety ---------Thombaththu
Hundred --------Nuuru
Two Hundred ----Innuru
Three Hundred --Munnuuru
Four Hundred ---Nannuuru
Five Hundred ---Inuuru
Thousand -------Saavira
Ten Thousand ---Haththusavira
One Lakh -------Ondu Laksha
Half -----------Ardha
Less -----------Kammi
More -----------Jasthi

Colours

Red -------Kempu
Blue ------Neela
Yellow ----Haladi
Green -----Haseru
Brown -----Kandu
Purple ----Uudaa
Grey ------Budu
White -----Bili
Black -----Kappu
Orange ----Chandra (KiththaaLe(fruit))

Directions

North -----Uttara
South -----Dakshina
East ------Purva
West ------Paschima
Rigt ------Bala
Left ------Eda
Front -----Munde
Back ------Hende
In --------Olage
Out -------Horage

Time and Duration

Second ----------Kshana
Minute ----------Nimisha
Hour ------------Gante
Days ------------Dina
Weeks -----------Vara
Months ----------Timgalu
Year ------------Varsha
Dawn ------------Arunodaya
Early Morning ---Belaginajama
Morning ---------Beligge
Noon ------------Hagalu
Evening ---------Sayankala
Night -----------Rathri
Midnight --------Madhya rathri
Now -------------Lga
Later -----------Amele
One O'Clock AM --Rathri Ondu Gante
Two O'Clock AM --Rathri Aradu Gante
One O'Clock PM --Madhyana Ondu Gante
Two O'Clock PM --Madhyana Aradu Gante

Days

Sunday --------Bhanuvaara
Monday --------Somavaara
Tuesday -------Mangalavaara
Wednesday -----Budhavaara
Thursday ------Guruvaara
Friday --------Shukravaara
Saturday ------Shanivaara
Today ---------Ivattu
Yesterday -----Ninne
Tommorrow -----NaLe
This week -----Ee Vara
Next Week -----Mumdina Vara

NAAC accredited JSS college of Arts, Commerce and Science (Autonomous) with A grade

2008-09-18T13:30:00.000-07:00

National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) was established by the UGC in September 1994 at Bangalore for evaluating the performance of the Universities and Colleges in India. NAAC's mandate includes the task of performance evaluation, assessment and accreditation of universities and colleges in the country.
Previously JSS College (Ooty road) was accredited with B++ and hence applied for re evaluation as to achieve A grade. Students, teachers, management and even all those belongs to college had put forth their maximum effort to go next step. NAAC visited the college for three days survey from 9 to 11 th of this month. Finally when it came turn for the result, we got an A grade.

List of Institutions Re-Accredited by NAAC
(on September 16, 2008)

Universities

Sl. No.	Name of the Institution	State	CGPA	Grade
	Andhra University, Visakhapatnam,	Andhra Pradesh	3.65	A
	Bangalore University, Bangalore,	Karnataka	3.12	A
	Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore,	Madhya Pradesh	2.57	B
	Punjabi University, Patiala,	Punjab	3.11	A
	University of Kalyani, Kalyani,	West Bengal	2.67	B
	Jadavpur University, Kolkata,	West Bengal	3.61	A

Colleges

Sl. No.	Name of the Institution	State	CGPA	Grade
	Andhra Loyola College (Autonomous) Vijayawada,	Andhra Pradesh	3.65	A
	Hindu College, Guntur,	Andhra Pradesh	3.01	A
	National Education Society (R) Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga,	Karnataka	2.86	B
	Sri Bhagawan Mahaveer Jain College, Bangalore,	Karnataka	3.80	A
	Sahyadri Arts and Commerce College, Shimoga,	Karnataka	3.01	A
	Karnataka Law Society's Gogte College of Commerce Belgaum,	Karnataka	2.86	B
	J.S.S. College of Arts, Commerce and Science (Autonomous) Mysore,	Karnataka	3.03	A
	Mount Carmel College of Teacher Education for Women, Kottayam,	Kerala	3.23	A
	R. E. Society's R. P. Gogate College of Arts & Science and R. V. Jogalekar College of Commerce Ratnagiri,	Maharashtra	3.25	A
	Birla College of Arts, Science and Commerce Kalyan,	Maharashtra	3.37	A
	P. S. G. R. Krishnammal College for Women (Autonomous), Coimbatore,	Tamil Nadu	3.55	A
	Government College of Education for Women Coimbatore,	Tamil Nadu	2.68	B
	Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women (Autonomous), Periyakulam,	Tamil Nadu	3.02	A
	Sri Sarada College for Women (Autonomous) Salem,	Tamil Nadu	2.94	B
	The Standard Fireworks Rajaratnam College for Women (Autonomous), Sivakasi,	Tamil Nadu	3.31	A
	Stella Maris College Autonomous) Chennai,	Tamil Nadu	3.57	A
	Vellalar College for Women (Autonomous) Erode,	Tamil Nadu	3.31	A

Big Bang Day

2008-09-15T03:32:00.000-07:00

Well, is it the Higgs boson or the Higgs particle? We seem to be inclining towards the latter, which is a shame. For while more people may know what a particle is than know what a boson is, "Higgs boson" sounds better: more mysterious, more scientific.

Thanks to Radio 4's Big Bang Day last Wednesday, there are more people than ever before who could give the then science minister William Waldegrave the answer he craved in 1993, when he asked facetiously for a comprehensible definition of what a Higgs boson was and why we should be looking for it.

We now know that the Higgs boson is the reason everything, even William Waldegrave's brain, has mass; we just haven't seen one yet. Which is why the Large Hadron Collider has been built, and why Radio 4 sent Today's Andrew Marr to watch it being switched on. According to the Afternoon Play Lost Souls, a specially commissioned episode of Torchwood, the Doctor Who spin-off, it should not have been switched on until the possibility of murderous extra-dimensional aliens jumping into our universe had been ruled out. (Most people have been worried about the LHC sucking the earth into a black hole. They worry needlessly. It won't happen until October, when the really interesting experiments start.)

Most successful of the laudable attempts to get our heads round this subject have been Simon Singh's daily 15-minute programmes, 5 Particles, which patiently and lucidly tell us about electrons, quarks, antiparticles and the like. We are a long way, it transpires, from agreeing on the pronunciation of "quark" – does it rhyme with "ark" or "walk"? – let alone powering the Enterprise with antimatter. Incidentally, it's quite legitimate to use the noises made by the Enterprise to keep people's attention in programmes like this, but when, as in Ben Miller's r Great Big Particle Adventure, you use the music from the Winter Olympics while a scientist makes an analogy using snowshoes, then that's just distracting.

My favourite, though, was Steve Punt's one-off comedy, The Genuine Particle, which proposed that turning on the LHC would create a wormhole in time. It was an almost direct homage to Douglas Adams ("If we'd wanted an experiment that could have been halted by cups of tea we would have held it in England" or "It's very hard to smuggle an X-ray detector through an X-ray detector"), and none the worse for that. It also used more science, less patronisingly, than the episode of Torchwood. (It was disconcerting to learn that I knew more about particle physics than the good people of Torchwood. And I don't really know that much either.)

But let us salute Radio 4 for going crazy about the LHC. This is public service broadcasting with knobs on, a massive vote of confidence in general levels of interest and intelligence. I'm rather sorry it's over.